01/20/15

Question 1

Soil that is blown or washed away from its parent rock

Answer 1

transported soil

Question 2

the layer of rock beneath the soil

Answer 2

bedrock

Question 3

a loose mixture of small mineral fragments, organic material, water, and air that can support the growth of vegetation

Answer 3

soil

Question 4

the rock formation that is the source of mineral fragments in the soil

Answer 4

parent rock

Question 5

soil that remains above its parent rock

Answer 5

residual soil.

Question 6

soil quality that is based on the proportions of soil particles

Answer 6

soil texture

Question 7

soil’s ability to hold nutrients and to supply nutrients to a plant

Answer 7

soil fertility

Question 8

ability of water to move through the soil

Answer 8

infiltration

Question 9

arrangement of soil particles

Answer 9

soil structure

Question 10

the organic material formed in soil from the decayed remains of plants and animals is called

Answer 10

humas

Question 11

because of the way soil forms, soil often ends up in a series of horizontal layers called

Answer 11

horizons

Question 12

the top layer of soil, often called ___________, usually contains more humus than the layers below it.

Answer 12

topsoil

Question 13

the removal of substances that can be dissolved from rock and soil due to water passing through is called ___________.

Answer 13

leaching

Question 14

what is the PH scale used to measure?

Answer 14

how basic soil is and how acidic it is.

Question 15

climate with low temperatures and slow soil formation, resulting in thin soil that cannot support many plants

Answer 15

arctic areas

Question 16

climate with heavy rain that leaches precious nutrients from the topsoil

Answer 16

tropical rain forest

Question 17

climate with enough rain to cause a high level of chemical weathering, but not so much that the nutrients are leached out of the soil

Answer 17

temperature forest and grassland

Question 18

climate with less than 25 cm of rain per year and a low ability to support plant and animal life

Answer 18

desert

Question 19

lush plant growth takes large amounts of nutrients from the soil in which climate?

Answer 19

tropical rain-forests

Question 20

when dead plants decay quickly in warm soil, they produce rich ________

Answer 20

humus

Question 21

tropical soils are generally poor and thin due to _________

Answer 21

heavy rain

Question 22

toxic levels of salt are sometimes found in the soil in which climate?

Answer 22

desert

Question 23

what happens to soil because of frequent changes in temperature in temperate climates?

Answer 23

frost action

Question 24

the most productive soil in the world can be found in which climate?

Answer 24

temprate

Question 25

what three factors determine the rate at which rock weathers?

Answer 25

climate, elevation, make up of the rock

Question 26

the process by which softer, less weather- resistant rocks wear away and leave harder, more weather-resistant rocks behind is called

Answer 26

differential weathering

Question 27

scientists believe Devil's Tower once was apart of a

Answer 27

volcano

Question 28

the land form called Devil's Tower is made up of hard, weather resistant rocks that remained after the softer rocks.

Answer 28

wore away

Question 29

weathering takes place?

Answer 29

On the outer surface of rocks

Question 30

because of a large rock's large volume, it will __________________.

Answer 30

weather relatively slowly

Question 31

small rocks weather more quickly than large rocks because they have more surface area as compared to their ____________

Answer 31

volume

Question 32

the average weather condition in an area over a long period of time is called ________

Answer 32

climate

Question 33

chemical weathering such as oxidation occurs more quickly in a climate that is _________ and __________

Answer 33

warm & humid

Question 34

weathering occurs faster at high elevation because of ___________

Answer 34

an increase in wind, ice, and rain

Question 35

how does gravity contribute to the weathering of steep mountain slopes?

Answer 35

the rain water carried the sediment down the slopes.

Question 36

maintaining the fertility of soil by preventing erosion and nutrient loss ins called

Answer 36

soil conservation

Question 37

soil provides nutrients and moisture to ________ plants, which grow directly in it.

Answer 37

plants

Question 38

even animals that ear plants benefit when _________ is rich in nutrients.

Answer 38

soil

Question 39

the region where a plant or animals lives is called its _____________

Answer 39

habitat

Question 40

soil's ability to ______________allows plants to get moisture they need.

Answer 40

absorb water

Question 41

soil can be damaged and lose its ____________ by overuse and overgrazing

Answer 41

nutrients

Question 42

with plants to help hold and cycle water, an infertile are can become like a desert , a process called __________________

Answer 42

desterficatum

Question 43

the process by which wind, water, or gravity transport soil and sediment from one location to another is called ______________

Answer 43

erosion

Question 44

name three methods by which farmers can help prevent erosion

Answer 44

contour plowing terracing no fill farming

Question 45

crops that are planted between harvests to replace certain nutrients and prevent erosion are called ___________ _________.

Answer 45

cover crops

Question 46

the practice of planting different crops each year to clow down nutrient depletion is called ____________

Answer 46

crop rotation