1: Body Planes & Axis of Motion - Yoho Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 1: Body Planes & Axis of Motion - Yoho Deck (24)
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1
Q

a vertical plane passing through the body from front to back

A

sagittal plane

2
Q

a vertical plane passing through the body from side to side

A

frontal plane

3
Q

a horizontal plane passing through the body from side to side and front to back

A

transverse plane

4
Q

the axis of motion is always ______ to the plane in which the motion takes place

A

perpendicular

motion takes place in on e plane and the axis lies in the other two planes

5
Q

the axis of motion is considered the _____ part, while the motion takes place in the _____ part

A

proximal; distal

6
Q

abduction and adduction of the foot

A

transverse plane motion

abduction = motion where the distal aspect of the foot moves away from the midline of the body

adduction = motion where the distal aspect of the foot moves toward the midline of the body

7
Q

internal and external motions of the leg

A

transverse plane motion

8
Q

dorsiflextion and plantar flexion of the foot/ankle

A

sagittal plane motion

dorsiflexion = motion where the distal aspect of the foot moves dorsally, or towards the tibia

plantarflexion = motion where the distal aspect of the foot moves plantarly, or away from the tibia

9
Q

flexion and extension of the leg

A

sagittal plane motion

10
Q

inversion and eversion of the foot

A

frontal plane motion

inversion = motion where the plantar surface of the foot moves toward the midline of the body

eversion = motion where the plantar surface of the foot moves away from the midline of the body

11
Q

abduction and adduction of the leg

A

frontal plane motion

12
Q

transverse fixation with the distal end displaced toward midline

A

adductus (fixed transverse plane)

13
Q

transverse fixation with the distal end displaced away from midline

A

abductus (fixed transverse plane)

14
Q

a frontal plane fixation in which the plantar surface is turned toward the midline

A

varus (fixed frontal plane)

15
Q

a frontal plane fixation in which the plantar surface is turned away from the midline

A

valgus (fixed frontal plane)

16
Q

the distal end of the part is further away from the tibia

A

equinus (fixed sagittal plane)

17
Q

the distal end of the part is closer to the tibia

A

calcaneus (fixed sagittal plane)

18
Q

normal or straight alignment

A

rectus

19
Q

refers to the hereditary defects which change the position of the entire foot

A

talipes

the deformity can be either in talus, calcaneus, or both

20
Q

midtarsal joint axis:

  • longitudinal =
  • oblique =
A

longitudinal = 15 degrees from transverse plane and 9 degrees from sagittal plane

oblique = 52 degrees from transverse plane and 57 degrees from the sagittal plane

21
Q

describe the first ray axis

A

45 degrees from the frontal and sagittal plane

  • first ray dorsiflexes it inverts
  • first ray plantarflexes it everts
  • little to no transverse plane motion
22
Q

what radiograph evaluates the sagittal plane?

A

lateral view

evaluates the medial column

  • cyma line
  • calcaneal inclination angle
  • talar declination angle
  • midtarsal faults or breaches
  • position of first ray
23
Q

what radiograph evaluates the transverse plane?

A

AP projection

evaluates the lateral column

  • cuboid abduction angle
  • Kites angle (talo-calcaneal angle)
  • talo-navicular congruency
  • forefoot to rearfoot relationship
24
Q

what radiograph evaluates the frontal plane?

A

calcaneal axial projection

evaluates the posterior column
- position of the calcaneus in the frontal plane