1: TEST Flashcards
(20 cards)
Which statement best describes dental plaque?
A. A chemical coating protecting the teeth
B. A soft tissue overgrowth caused by gum infection
C. A community of microorganisms embedded in a matrix on a tooth surface
D. A buildup of tartar above the gumline
C. A community of microorganisms embedded in a matrix on a tooth surface
What makes plaque more resistant to antibiotics?
A. It grows only on enamel
B. The presence of white blood cells
C. The matrix and slow bacterial growth within the biofilm
D. Excess saliva production
C. The matrix and slow bacterial growth within the biofilm
Which type of bacteria is typically involved in early plaque colonization?
A. Lactobacillus spp.
B. Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus
C. P. gingivalis
D. T. denticola
B. Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus
Which is NOT a typical site for plaque accumulation?
A. Interproximal areas
B. Pit and fissures
C. Smooth anterior surfaces cleaned daily
D. Around dental appliances
C. Smooth anterior surfaces cleaned daily
What type of nutrient source is gingival crevicular fluid considered?
A. Exogenous
B. Synthetic
C. Endogenous
D. Fermented
C. Endogenous
What stage of plaque development involves bacterial attachment to the pellicle?
A. Maturation
B. Initial adhesion
C. Biofilm penetration
D. Demineralization
B. Initial adhesion
Which factor contributes most directly to the formation of dental caries?
A. Saliva overproduction
B. Acidogenic bacteria fermenting carbohydrates
C. Use of fluoride toothpaste
D. Gingival overgrowth
B. Acidogenic bacteria fermenting carbohydrates
After eating, Arnon brushes his teeth thoroughly, but still develops plaque between molars. What’s the most likely reason?
A. Overbrushing
B. Use of mouthwash
C. Ineffective brushing of interproximal areas
D. Excess saliva production
C. Ineffective brushing of interproximal areas
A dentist finds white, soft lesions near the gumline on multiple teeth of a child with a high-sugar diet. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Recurrent caries
B. Root caries
C. Rampant caries
D. Early childhood caries
D. Early childhood caries
Yanna has crowns on two molars and complains of bad breath. Her dentist finds plaque accumulation. Why might these areas be problematic?
A. Crowns repel bacteria
B. Crowns increase pH
C. Dental appliances create hard-to-clean surfaces
D. Plaque only grows on natural teeth
C. Dental appliances create hard-to-clean surfaces
What is a defining feature of dental plaque as a biofilm?
A. It cannot attach to teeth
B. It grows only in acidic environments
C. Bacteria in the biofilm behave differently than in free-floating form
D. It can be fully removed with water rinsing
C. Bacteria in the biofilm behave differently than in free-floating form
Which bacteria is considered a secondary colonizer in plaque development?
A. Streptococcus mutans
B. Actinomyces viscosus
C. Fusobacterium nucleatum
D. Staphylococcus aureus
C. Fusobacterium nucleatum
What is the role of the acquired pellicle in plaque formation?
A. It protects the tooth from colonization
B. It acts as a physical barrier to sugar
C. It provides adhesion sites for bacteria
D. It directly causes tooth decay
C. It provides adhesion sites for bacteria
Which of the following is NOT part of the bacterial adherence process?
A. Van der Waals forces
B. Irreversible protein bonding
C. Precipitation of calcium
D. Electrostatic interaction
C. Precipitation of calcium
What is the primary composition of dental plaque solids?
A. Calcium and fluoride
B. Water and organic acids
C. Bacteria and intercellular matrix
D. Lipids and saliva
C. Bacteria and intercellular matrix
Which condition results from unchecked plaque accumulation in pits and fissures?
A. Smooth surface caries
B. Pit and fissure caries
C. Recurrent caries
D. Root caries
B. Pit and fissure caries
Which organism converts sugar into sticky extracellular polysaccharides to aid biofilm formation?
A. Capnocytophaga
B. Streptococcus mutans
C. Lactobacillus casei
D. Veillonella
B. Streptococcus mutans
A patient flosses daily but still develops caries at the base of crowns. What best explains this?
A. Incorrect brushing technique
B. High intake of vitamins
C. Marginal leakage around restorations
D. Lack of hydration
C. Marginal leakage around restorations
An older adult presents with soft lesions near the gumline and receded gums. What type of caries is most likely present?
A. Pit and fissure caries
B. Recurrent caries
C. Root caries
D. Smooth surface caries
C. Root caries
During a school visit, many children show initial white spots on molars. The dentist recommends sealants and fluoride. Why?
A. These spots are aesthetic only
B. These are signs of advanced decay
C. These are incipient caries, potentially reversible
D. These indicate gum disease
C. These are incipient caries, potentially reversible
