10.8.1 An Introduction to Work Flashcards Preview

AP Calculus AB > 10.8.1 An Introduction to Work > Flashcards

Flashcards in 10.8.1 An Introduction to Work Deck (12)
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1
Q

An Introduction to Work

A
  • Work is the energy used when applying a force over a distance.
  • For a constant force F, work is the product of the force and the change in distance.
  • For a changing or variable force F(x) on [a, b], work is given by the integral.
2
Q

note

A
  • Most people have a good idea of what work means to them, but in physics and mathematics work has a very specific meaning.
  • Work is the energy used when moving an object. For work to be done, a force must be applied to an object and that object must move in the direction of the force. Thus, pushing against a wall might take a lot of effort, but doesn’t do any work.
  • When a force is constant, work can be found by multiplying the magnitude of the force by the change in distance.
  • But forces do not have to be constant. To find the work done using a variable, or changing, force you have to use calculus. F(x) means the force at a particular x-value. It’s a notational way of saying “changing force.”
  • Notice that the integral looks a lot like the formula for a constant force. The force is multiplied by a change in distance, this time dx. The integral sums up all the infinite little pieces.
3
Q

Which of the following is the work done by a non-constant force F (x) = −x applied to an object moving along the x‑axis from 0 to 2?

A

−2

4
Q

Which of the following statements about work is not correct?

A

For a changing force, work is the product of the force and the change in distance.

5
Q

Which of the following is the work done by a constant force F moving an object along a straight line from a to b ?

A

W=F⋅(b−a)

6
Q

Which of the following is the work done by a non-constant force F = F (x) = x moving an object along the x‑axis from 0 to 2?

A

2

7
Q

Suppose you lift a weight of 20 lb a vertical distance of 35 ft. Which of the following shows the work that has been done?

A

700 foot-pounds

8
Q

Which of the following is the work done by a non-constant force F(x)=sinx moving an object along the x-axis from 0 to π?

A

2

9
Q

Which of the following is the work done by a changing force F = F (x) moving an object along a straight line from a to b ?

A

W=∫baF(x)dx

10
Q

If a horizontal force of 60 newtons is applied to a heavy box in order to push it a distance of 20 meters along a rough floor, which of the following is the work done by the force?

A

1200 newton-meters

11
Q

Which of the following is the work done by a non-constant force F (x) = x moving an object along the x‑axis from 2 to 0?

A

−2

12
Q

Let W1 be the work done by a constant force F moving an object along a straight line for a distance D. Let W2 be the work done by a constant force 3 F moving an object along a straight line for a distance D/3. Compare W1 and W2.

A

W1 = W2

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