11. Cancers Flashcards
arterial supply to thyroid gland
-superior thyroid artery (from external carotid)
-inferior thyroid artery (from subclavian to thyrocervical trunk)
-thyroid ima artery 10-30% people
venous supply to thyroid gland
-superior and middle thyroid vein to IJV
-inferior thyroid vein to brachiocephalic
what do the left and right RLNs hook under?
L- arch of aorta
R- R subclavian artery
nerve supply to cricothyroid muscle
SLN external branch
pathology which could affect L and R RLN
L- aortic arch aneurysm
R- pancoast tumour
specific risk factors for thyroid cancer
-irradiation exposure
-family history and certain conditions e.g. FAP
supportive management for head and neck cancers
swallowing
feeding
voice rehab
pain
why is pharyngeal cancer prognosis so bad?
present late so 25% untreatable
daphnia, and cancer its linked to
voice change, laryngeal
tracheostomy vs laryngectomy
tracheostomy- how into trachea, everything still there
laryngetcomcy- removal of larynx, trachea plumbed into hole in neck
location of thyroid gland
midline below thyroid cartilage, between 2-5th tracheal rings
can be retrosternal
possible consequences of thyroidectomy
-hypothyroidism, so need lifelong thyroxine
-thyroid storm (hyperthyroidism)
worst type of thyroid cancer
anaplastic, <6 months from diagnosis to death
other causes of RLN palsy
-idiopathic
-laryngeal cancer
-thyroid disease
-cervical lymphadenopathy
-surgery
