14.13 Physiology: Neural and hormonal control of the GIT

Question 1

What do D cells release?

Answer 1

Somatostatin

Question 2

What releases mucus and bicarbonate?

Answer 2

Brunner’s glands

Question 3

What causes Brunner’s glands to be stimulated?

Answer 3

Vago-vagal reflex

Question 4

What inhibits gastric emptying?

Answer 4

Vago-vagal reflex and closed pylorus (duodenal-pyloro-antral reflex)

Question 5

What do amino acids trigger the release of?

Answer 5

Secretin from S cells

Question 6

What does secretin trigger?

Answer 6

Bicarbonate rich solution from pancreas

Question 7

What does CCK do?

Answer 7

Causes gall bladder contractions, releases digestive enzymes from pancreas and satiety factory

Question 8

What do tastants cause the release of?

Answer 8

Serotonin from EC cells

Question 9

In the proximal colon, what does fermentation by the microbiome produce?

Answer 9

Short chain fatty acids (acetate, butyrate, propionate)