143 (3) Anatomy Objectives

Question 1

List the Major Components of the Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 1

Brain 🧠 & Spinal Cord

Question 2

List the Components of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 2

12 💀Cranial Cavities

31 Spinal Nerves

All 👃👂👁👅 Sensory Receptors

*PNS has 3 divisions that control specific effectors

1. ) ENS
2. ) SNS
3. ) ANS

Question 3

State Which Structures are in the Enteric Nervous System (ENS)

Answer 3

ENS ( 🧠 of gut)

• has nerve plexuses that detect food and stimulate digestion

Question 4

State Which Structures are innervated (supplied with nerves) by the Somatic Nervous System (SNS)

Answer 4

SNS:

• monitors 🖥 Sensory Receptors in skin
• monitors special senses (taste, hearing, sight)
• controls skeletal muscles

Question 5

State Which Structures are Innervated (supplied with nerves) by the Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 5

ANS: ( 2 divisions: parasympathetic & sympathetic)

Both supply:

• cardiac muscle
• smooth muscle
• glands

In order to maintain homeostasis

Question 6

List the Major Cell Types in the Nervous System

Answer 6

All Nervous System cells fall under Neuroglial (glial) cells:

Glial cells of CNS:

• astrocytes
• microglia
• ependymal cells
• oligodendrocytes

Glial cells of PNS:

• satellite cells
• schwann cells

Question 7

What is the Difference between Multipolar, Bipolar, and Unipolar Neurons?

Answer 7

Mulitpolar = multiple processes

Bipolar = 2 processes

Unipolar = single process

Question 8

Why is White Matter White?

Answer 8

Because a myelin sheath appears to be white, so myelinated axons are described as white matter.

Question 9

Why Does Gray Matter not appear White?

Answer 9

Because cell bodies and dendrites are never myelinated, so these and unmyelinated axons are described as gray matter