Chapter 15 Flashcards
No reported indications of food access problems or limitations.
Example: A family that has a full refrigerator and pantry, without shortages.
High food security
One or two reported indications of problems- typically of anxiety over food sufficiency or shortage of food in the house. Little or no indication of changes in diets or food intake. Example: A parent who worries that the food purchased will not last until the next paycheck.
Marginal food security
Reports of reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet. Little or no indication of reduced food intake. Example: A family whose diet centers on inexpensive, low-nutrient foods such as refined grains, processed meats, sweets and fats.
Low food security
Reports of multiple indications of disrupted dietary patterns and reduced food intake. Example: A family in which one or more members have gone to bed hungry, have lost weight, or have not eaten for a whole day because they did not have enough food.
Very low food security
In developed countries, hunger results primarily from this. People go without nourishing meals not because there is no food nearby to purchase but because of lack of money to pay for the food they need and for other needed necessities. This form of poverty means people skip buying fresh healthy fruits and vegetables compromising diet quality while increasing problems such as alcohol and drug abuse or mental and physical illness.
food poverty
Delivers life-giving food daily to tens of millions of US citizens living in poverty. Help to alleviate some of the food uncertainty that accompanies poverty, and can lead to more healthful dietary choices. Aimed to reduce hunger.
Food Assistance Programs
Who are the world’s poorest people?
women and children because they are undervalued and given fewer opportunities than boys
Malnourished girls become malnourished mothers who give birth to these infants with what?
a low-birthweight infant
Most visible form of hunger, an extreme food crisis in which multitudes of people in an area starve and die.
Famine
Natural causes of famine:
droughts, floods, and pests but is second place to political and social causes
Occurs when food suddenly and recently becomes unavailable, as a drought or war. Symptoms:
rapid weight loss, wasting (marasmus), edema (kwashiorkor).
severe acute malnutrition (SAM)
Less immediately deadly but still damaging to health. The unrelenting chronic food deprivation that occurs in areas where food supplies are chronically scanty and food quality is poor. Long term lack of food quantity or quality. Symptom: stunting (short for age)
chronic malnutrition
A physical feature of SAM that means individual is underweight for height; small upper-arm circumference. Lean and fat tissues have wasted away, burned off to provide energy to stay alive.
marasmus
Main physical feature for chronic malnutrition that causes shortness from not eating enough
Stunting
A less common form of SAM. It distinguishing feature is edema, a fluid shift out of the blood into the tissues that causes swelling. Loss of hair color, and telltale patchy and scaly skin develops.
kwashiorkor
