16: Short Gastroc-Soleus Complex - Feilmeier Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 16: Short Gastroc-Soleus Complex - Feilmeier Deck (12)
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1
Q

define equinus

A

Definition of muscular gastrocnemius or gastro-soleal equinus is limitation of dorsiflexion due to tight posterior muscle group

2
Q

what is normal AJ dorsiflexion?

A

Consensus among the majority of experts is that at least +10 degrees of ankle dorsiflexion with knee extended is needed for normal gait with limited foot compensation

3-15 deg with knee extended and 10-20 deg with knee flexed is the range of reported normal dorsiflexion

3
Q

effects of STJ position on measuremnt of ankle dorsiflexion

A

Dorsiflexion of the foot in pronated position increased measured dorsiflexion up to 10 deg when compared to STJ neutral.

Pronation of the STJ allows pronation of the midtarsal joint and dorsiflexion of the midfoot on the rearfoot which falsely elevates dorsiflexion values—resulting in under diagnosing of equinus.
- Pronation of the foot increases the measured DF by more than 10 degrees

Forefoot motion is minimized by not totally eliminated with the STJ is in neutral

4
Q

how do we test for equinus?

A

Landmarks are the lateral margin of the foot and the midline of the lateral calf
Must evaluate from the lateral side
Must inhibition of the gastroc-soleus complexavoid pronation of the foot
Holding the foot Neutral to Slightly SUPINATED/varus is the most accurate and reproducible way to measure ankle DF
Patient must be relaxed and not fire anterior muscles- if they are results in reflexive
* watch for firing of TA - needs to be passive

5
Q

silfverskiold test

A

Assesses for change in dorsiflexion with knee extended (gastroc v soleus)

knee bent = just soleus

6
Q

how does equinus affect gait?

A
  • More rapid entrance and exit into and out of mid-stance
  • Reduced step length
  • Slower walking velocity
  • Increased forefoot pressure
  • Pronation of foot to obtain required dorsiflexion (Pronation is Tri-plane and includes dorsiflexion)
7
Q

compensatory mechanisms equinus

A
Forward torso lean
Pelvic rotation
Hip Flexion
Knee hyperextension
Knee flexion (Chimera, You)
External rotation of leg
STJ & MTJ (oblique axis) Pronation
8
Q

describe STJ and MTJ compensation for equinus

A

Dorsiflexion of forefoot on rear foot compensates for the lack of ankle joint dorsiflexion

This abnormal amount of motion in the foot leads to tendon, ligament and joint degeneration

9
Q

will stretching help with equinus?

A
a little (3-8 degrees with aggressive stretching) 
does have a big effect on symptoms, but will not completely resolve equinus
10
Q

what are gastroc recession outcomes?

A

strength does not return fully (80%) but has good resolution of symptoms

11
Q

pseudoequinus and osseous equinus. Please review these slides carefully as they will be important for you to know, particularly radiographic exams and findings

A

pseudoeqinus = actually have 10 degree dorsiflecion at ankle but functionally need more because of plantarflexed forefoot (loads earlier due to anterior cavus foot)

osseous equinus is due to impingement of tibiotalar articualtion

  • abrupt end dorsal ROM
  • not dependent on knee positon
  • osseous blcok on radiographes
  • charger radiographic view
12
Q

radiographic signs oseeous equinus

A

lateral projection

  • reduced anterior joint space
  • squaring of talar neck
  • talar lipping and osteophytes

stress dorsiflecionlateral/ charger view
- reduced motion or dorsiflexion

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