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Geography > 1B:Tropical Rainforests > Flashcards

1B:Tropical Rainforests Flashcards

1
Q

What is the climate in tropical rainforests

A

There’s no definite seasons

All are hot and wet

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2
Q

Why are the temperatures hot in tropical rainforests

A

Because they are near the equator

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3
Q

How much rainfall is there per year in rainforests

A

2000mm per year

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4
Q

What is the soil like in tropical rainforests

A

Not very fertile

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5
Q

Why isn’t the soil fertile

A

Heavy rainfall washes away nutrients

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of trees in tropical rainforests?

A

Most trees are evergreen

Tall

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7
Q

What are epiphytes

A

Plants that grow on other living plants and take nutrients and moister from the air

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of animals in the tropical rainforest

A

Brightly coloured
Loud
A lot of animals

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9
Q

Who are indigenous people?

A

People who have adapted to live in tropical rainforests

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10
Q

Are rainforests dependent or independent ecosystems

A

Dependent

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11
Q

Why can plants grow quickly and easily

A

The soil is high in nutrients because dead plant material is decomposed quickly by fungi and bacteria

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12
Q

Why is animal population high

A

dense vegitation provides lots of food

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13
Q

What is a symbolic friendship

A

Where plants and animals depend on each other for survival

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14
Q

What are the big roots on tall trees called

A

Buttress roots

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15
Q

Why to plants have waxy leaves

A

The waxy coating helps keep the rain away

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16
Q

Why do plant in tropical rainforests have pointed tips

A

(Drip tips) channel the water to a point so it runs off and doesn’t damage the plant

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17
Q

Why do trees have smooth thin bark

A

No need to protect the trunk from cold temperatures

The smooth surface helps the water run off easily

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18
Q

How do climbing plants get sunlight

A

They use tree trunks to climb up to the sunlight

19
Q

Why do plants drop there leaves throughout he year

A

So they can keep on growing

20
Q

How are animals adapted to live in the ecosystems

A

Some animals have flaps of skin that enable them to glide between trees and other have suction cups - helps them to catch food and get away from pray

21
Q

Why are animals camuflagem

A

To hide from predators

22
Q

What is nocturnal

A

Animals sleep through the day and feed at the night

23
Q

What is biodiversity

A

The variety of organisms living in a particular area

24
Q

What is deforestation

A

The process of cutting down trees

25
Q

What will happen if deforestation continues

A

Will likely lead to extinction

26
Q

6 reasons why tropical rainforests are chopped down

A 
1/ population pressure
2/ mineral extraction
3/ energy development 
4/ commercial logging
5/ commercial farming
6/ subsistence farming
27
Q

What is population pressure

A

As the population increased trees are cleared for new settlements

28
Q

What is mineral extraction

A

Minerals are mined and sold to make money

29
Q

What is energy development

A

Building dams to generate hydro-electric power; which floods large areas of forests

30
Q

What is commercial logging

A

Trees are felled to make money. Road building for logging also requires more free clearance

31
Q

What is commercial farming

A

Forests cleared to make space for cattle grazing or for palm oil or soya plantations

32
Q

What is subsistence farming

A

Forest is cleared so farmers can grow food for themselves and their families

33
Q

Environmental impacts of deforestation

A

Landslides and flooding - no trees to hold soil together and heavy rain washes away soil
Trees remove co2 from atmosphere
Burning vegetation produces co2
Deforestation is responsible for 15% global co2 emissions

34
Q

Economic impacts on deforestation

A

Logging farming and mining
Money is made from selling timber mining and commercial farming
Deforestation can destroy resources that countries depend on
Livelihood of some local people are destroyed

35
Q

How is the rate of deforestation changing

A

It is very high

300 000km2 per year (2000-2010)

36
Q

What is deforestation like globally

A

It is slowing down

37
Q

Why is it important to protect the rainforest

A

To preserve biodiversity

38
Q

3 ways tropical rainforests can be sustainably managed

A

Selective logging
Replanting
Ecotourism

39
Q

What is eco tourism

A

Tourism that minimises damage to the environment and benefits the local people

40
Q

How does ecotourism provide income for local people

A

Provide accommodation and transport

Act as guides

41
Q

What is replanting

A

When new trees are planted to replace the ones that are cut down

42
Q

Why is it important the same tree is planted as is cut down

A

So that the variety of trees is kept for the future

43
Q

What is selective lies

A

When only dome trees are felled

44
Q

Why is selective logging good

A

Less damage to the Forrest and overall structure of the forest is kept

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