1st test Flashcards

1
Q

most common source of Raffinose ans Stachynose

A

Legumes- soy bean, peanuts, peas, beans

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2
Q

Raffinose

A

Glucose-galactose -sucrose trisaccharide

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3
Q

Stachynose

A

Adds a second galactose to raffinose

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4
Q

Essential fatty acids

A
linoleic acid(omega 6) and linolenic acid(omega3)
needed for immune function.
contains fatty acid in a place we cant place
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5
Q

Omega 3 fatty acid(

A

linolenic acid.
Is primarily from fish oil as EPA and DHA
also canola oil, soy boy and olive oil
make eicosanoids

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6
Q

signs an sympotoms of essential fatty acid deficiency

A
flaky itchy skin 
anemia
dirreahae 
infection
retarded growth and wound healing
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7
Q

what does eicosanoids do

A

make prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes

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8
Q

Function of cholesterol

A
essential in cell membrane 
produce in liver 
found only in animal products 
forms important hormone
precursor of bile salts
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9
Q

lipoprotien lipase

A

breakdown triglyceride into chylomicrons

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10
Q

DV is responsible for

A
comparing foods (not amount u should eat)
no RDA for fat
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11
Q

a healthy adult will have what kind of nitrogen balance

A

neutral

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12
Q

hydrogenation

A

making of trans fatty acids from oils adding hydrogen

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13
Q

dangers of trans fatty acids

A

heart disease
High LDL
Low HDL
2% causes a 23% increase in cardio disease. thats less than 1 g is recommended

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14
Q

salatrim

A

Benefat contains short chain fatty acid… so are not well absorbed..
so people have GI problems with it

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15
Q

olestra

A

yields no calories
fatty acids link to sucrose to make a sucrose polymer
not digested by enzymes or bacteria
over digestion can cause loose stool

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16
Q

Soluble fibers

A

Slows gastric emptying, slows glucose absorption

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17
Q

glycemic index

A

Breaks down food into good carbs are bad carbs based on rate of increased blood glucose
good for diabetics

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18
Q

GERD

A

Gastrointestinal re-flux disease.

Not just acid reflux duodenal contents (shit) comes up too… bile amalyse ect.

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19
Q

Steatorrhea

A

diarhea cause due to lipd absorption problem

20
Q

monosaccharides

A

glucose frucrose galactose

21
Q

oligosaccharides

A

Raffynose & stachyose

22
Q

cholesterol levels

A

ideal is below 200

23
Q

Melamine

A

fake protien causes sickness

24
Q

protien nutrition depends on

A

Amount consumed
digestibility
amino acid mix

25
Q

what test measure protein quality

A

Chemical Score(CS)
Protien Efficacy Ratio(PER)
Bio Value (BV)
Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score(PDCAAS)

26
Q

CS

A

Chemical score= mg of amino acid per grams of protein /mg of amino acid per grams of ideal protein

27
Q

PER

A

Protien Efficacy Ratio= Weight gain/total protein intake

28
Q

BV

A

Biological value:= what was eaten less urine and fecal

the most acurate measure of protien value

29
Q

PDAAS

A

Protien digestibility corrected amino acid score= Chemical Score X digestible factor
Not used for pregnant women or infant below 1

30
Q

which protien deficiency causes edema

A

kwashikor

31
Q

Arginine

A

and essential amino acid only when protein demand is high

32
Q

PKU

A

phenylketonuria= genetic disease with the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.

33
Q

what is the AHA fat limit

A

30%

34
Q

non-caloric fat substitute

A

olestra

35
Q

RDA

A

Recommended Dietary Allowance- Quality date made to establish level of value for 97% of population

36
Q

high fiber is considered

A

5 g or more per serving

37
Q

Sorbitol

A

cariogenic sugar

38
Q

protein balance=

A

nitrogen in vs nitrogen out

39
Q

dental effects of celiac disease

A

Looks like over flouridation

40
Q

omega 6

A

make arachidonic acid

found in vegetable oil only 1 tablespoon a day

41
Q

metabolic syndrome

A

CHD, HT, type 2 diabetes
primary factors: insulin resistance , abdominal obesity
secondary factors: physical inactivity aging, hormonal imbalance

42
Q

avicil,Z-trim,oat-trim

A

cellulose -grain husk derivatives

is a fat substitute

43
Q

Simplesse

A

milk globuls (whey)
better mouth feel than carbs
fat substitutee

44
Q

resversatrol

A

Stimulates production of SIRT1

45
Q

soluble fibers

A

pectins,gums,mucilages

46
Q

insoluble fibers

A

cellulose hemi cellulose , lignin

47
Q

health consequences of diebetes

A

retinopathy,Kidney Disease,neuropathy, amputation