2017 Flashcards
(70 cards)
1
Q
- After a lady receives a blood transfusion and platelets, she goes home and develops a rash all over [‘several hours later’]
A
Allergic reaction
2
Q
- A man after a road traffic accident (Man vs Car) requires a 6 unit transfusion, and then becomes acutely breathless/SOB, with a fever and tachycardia
A
TRALI
3
Q
- A Man has had (a diagnosis of) beta thalassemia since 13 months of age. (?and receives regular transfusions?). He presents to an outpatient clinic with malaise and erectile dysfunction
A
Haemosiderosis
4
Q
- Alcoholic has an AAA repair, and several days later develops a fever, with low Hb, and jaundice.
A
Delayed transfusion reaction
5
Q
- A Lady with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) requires regular monthly blood transfusions. 10 minutes after another transfusion (her latest transfusion), she becomes tachycardic, has transfusion site pain, and [hypertensive], what is the cause?
A
Febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction
6
Q
- A teenage girl who when she goes cross country running gets an erythematous rash on her legs. It is well controlled by antihistamines
A
Cold urticaria
7
Q
- Man can eat apple pie. But if he eats fresh apples and pears, he gets inflamed lips
A
Oral allergy syndroem
8
Q
- Man has an allergic reaction during surgery and who’s lips becomes swollen/oedematous when blowing up balloons as his daughter’s birthday party
A
Type I latex allergy
9
Q
- Bloated after drinking milk but not IgE mediated
A
Lactose Intolerance
10
Q
- A girl with a sore throat is given penicillin and develops a rash. She is found to have EBV.
A
Drug Reaction
11
Q
- Patient with high IgG paraprotein – (32 or 40) g/dl, back pain and loss of sensation in legs
A
Multiple Myeloma
12
Q
- Patient with IgM paraprotein and visual disturbances
A
Waldenstroms Macroglobulinaemia
13
Q
- A German lady who is asymptomatic, has low neutrophils, but no abnormal cells on film
A
Chronic Idiopathic Neutropenia
14
Q
- A man is injured playing sports. He is found to have pancytopenia and immature myeloid cells on blood film. WCC normal.
A
AML
15
Q
- An overweight individual with diabetes has longstanding bone/back pain. They are found to have paraprotein IgA ~8g/dl, and GFR 55mls/min/1.73m^2. FBC normal and albumin normal.
A
MGUS
16
Q
Raised IgG proteins with somewhat deranged CRAB signs but not quite there yet
A
Smouldering Myeloma
17
Q
Listeria meningitis treatment
A
Amoxicillin + Gentamycin
18
Q
Mild CAP treatment
A
Amoxicillin
19
Q
Strep Throat treatment
A
Benzylpenicillin
20
Q
- Which/What cell sits in (it’s immature form in) the periphery, and when it matures, goes to present things to T cells?
A
Dendritic Cell
21
Q
- Which/what cell is inhibited by the presence of MHC1 on cells?
A
NK Cells
22
Q
- Which/What cell is increased in cases of a parasitic infection.
A
Eosinophils
23
Q
- Which/What cell undergoes positive and negative selection in the thymus.
A
T lymphocytes
24
Q
- When there is an infection. This cell is responsible for the production of pus (when it dies).
A
Neutrophils
25
1. Most common type of malignancy in the breast?
DCIS
26
2. Which/What cancer is also known as non-specific type?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
27
3. Which/What cancer is associated with the presence of E cadherins?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
| IF e-cadherins negative, invasive lobular carcinoma
28
4. Breast Cancer which has a high, medium and low stage to it.
DCIS
29
5. Fibro-epithelial tumour with abundant stromal elements.
Phylloides Tumour
30
boy’s father has TB. The same boy develops a mycobacterium infection, following their BCG.
IFN gamma deficiency
31
Which of these options causes DIC (in pregnancy)?
```
ABO incompatibility
Maternal idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
Gestational thrombocytopenia
Increased fibrinolysis
Amniotic fluid embolism
Low Plasma Volume
Neutropenia
MAHA
Iron deficiency anaemia
Complement C7 deficiency
```
Amniotic fluid embolism
32
Which of these is similar or has an association with HELLP syndrome?
```
ABO incompatibility
Maternal idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
Gestational thrombocytopenia
Increased fibrinolysis
Amniotic fluid embolism
Low Plasma Volume
Neutropenia
MAHA
Iron deficiency anaemia
Complement C7 deficiency
```
MAHA
33
Normal change in pregnancy
```
ABO incompatibility
Maternal idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
Gestational thrombocytopenia
Increased fibrinolysis
Amniotic fluid embolism
Low Plasma Volume
Neutropenia
MAHA
Iron deficiency anaemia
Complement C7 deficiency
```
Increased fibrinolysis
34
Cause of neonatal thrombocytopenia
```
ABO incompatibility
Maternal idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
Gestational thrombocytopenia
Increased fibrinolysis
Amniotic fluid embolism
Low Plasma Volume
Neutropenia
MAHA
Iron deficiency anaemia
Complement C7 deficiency
```
ITP
35
Which/What cancer can the Bruton Tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib be used in?
a. Bruton’s
b. Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)
c. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML)
d. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)
e. Chronic lymphoblastic leukaemia (CLL)
CLL
36
Rhesus D negative woman is having a Haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and is CMV IgG negative. What is the most important thing to ensure in the transplant?
a. HLA of donor and recipient identical
b. Related to recipient and HLA identical
c. HLA haploidentical
d. CMV IgG negative
e. Donor not Rhesus match
CMV igG Negative
37
Which of these vaccines must not be given to a pregnant woman:
a. MMR
b. Hep B
c. DTP
MMR
38
There are 5 special drug treatments. Which drug can be used to treat some malignancies and affects T cell activity?
a. Infliximab
b. Pembrolizumab
c. Rituximab
Rituximab
39
Which of these is a common finding in someone who has portal hypertension?
a. Splenomegaly
b. Hepatomegaly
c. Spider Naevi in distribution of Superior vena cava (SVC)
d. Hand flapping
e. Jaundice
Portal Hypertension
40
A man has gout and is kept up at night by it. His symptoms are relieved by ibuprofen, but when he stops taking it, the symptoms come back. His neighbour is on allopurinol, and he would like to be on it too. Which of these medications would need to be altered for them to be able to be prescribed allopurinol?
Azathiprine
Cyclophosphamide
Methotrexate
Aspirin
Azathioprine
41
Woman over 25 years of age. In theatres you overhear a surgeon who says they have just found one of the most common malignant ovarian tumours: with psammoma bodies
Serous Cystadenocarcinoma
42
Man presents with ulcers on mouth following treatment with a drug, erythema multiforme but worse
stevens johnsons syndrome
43
Most common benign ovarian tumour
serous cystadenoma
44
Most common benign germ cell ovarian tumours in young women
Teratomas
45
Associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
46
Benign cyst lined by mucin secreting epithelial tumour
Mucinous cystadenoma
47
Metastases from a gastrointestinal tumour resulting in a mucin-secreting signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma in the ovaries
Krukenburg tumour
48
germ cell tumour secreting AFP
yolk sac tumour
49
endometrial hyperplasia due to oestrogen secreting tumour
Granulosa cell tumour
50
ascites, pleural effusion and tumour in Meigs syndrome
Fibroma
51
24. The wall of vessels expresses anti-thrombotic factors why is this?
a. Because it secretes Tissue factor
b. Because it secrete Thrombomodulin
c. Because it secretes Von Willebrand factor
Walls secrete thrombomodulin
52
Cushing disease person – Which is the best investigation to confirm the suspected diagnosis?
a. High dose dexamethasone suppression test
b. low dose dexamethasone suppression test,
c. long synacthen test
d. short synacthen test
High dose suppression
53
26. Which vector transmits Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense?
a. Anopheles mosquitoes
b. Sandfly
c. Tsetse Fly
d. Aedes
Tsetse
54
30. Which of these ions (K, CL, Na, Mg, ,,,,,) is most likely to be outside it’s normal range in an alkalotic picture (& if person is urinating a lot????)?
a. Potassium
b. Calcium
c. Sodium
d. Magnesium
Sodium due to urinating a lot
55
37. 50 year old man with Midshaft femur fracture – what would you find at the site of the break/fracture (or rather, which/what type of cancer does he have)?
a. Neuroblastoma,
b. Osteosarcoma
c. Ewing’s sarcoma
d. Chondrosarcoma
e. Adenocarcinoma
Chondrosarcoma
Because a is wrong. B and C affect young people. e is quite vague
56
HAP most common pathogen?
Staph Aureus
57
43. Which feature is characteristic of acute lymphoblastic anaemia (ALL) –
a. anaemia and thrombocytopenia
b. neutropenia
c. macrocytosis
d. raised lymphocytes
Neutropenia
58
Acute Dialysis Indications
```
Acidosis
Electrolyte imbalance
Intoxicants
Overload
Uraemia
```
59
What does Denosumab target?
RANK-L receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa b ligand
60
A [woman or man] develops signs of hyperthyroidism. Bloods show low TSH and high thyroxine. Does not have good uptake on technetium scan. What is the likely diagnosis?
de qurvains thyroiditis
61
Good uptake on technetium scan and hyperthyroid
Grave's disease
62
Which clotting factor falls most rapidly after administering warfarin?
VII
63
Both mother and grandmother had medullary thyroid carcinoma, and have tested positive for MEN2. What [biomarker/protein] would be raised in the blood to confirm medullary thyroid cancer?
Calcitonin
64
What drug is used to treat severe falciparum malaria?
Artesunate
| Quinine maybe
65
An African man, with Burkitt’s lymphoma is given Rasburicase. He develops haematuria with irregularly contracted cells. What is the cause?
G6PDD
66
A patient required an aortic valve replaced 3 months ago. They have now come back a few weeks later with jaundice, Hb-urea (haemoglobinuria), and raised reticulocytes. What is the cause?
Haemolytic Anaemia
67
What cancer is present if keratin and intercellular bridges are present?
Squamous cell carcinoma
68
Which common condition can be treated with drugs that target with TNF, IL-17 and IL-12/23?
Psoriasis
| Maybe RA
69
25. What zoonotic disease does the Ixodes Tick cause?
Lyme disease
70
MECP2 mutation causes
Rett Syndrome
