21-24 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 21-24 Deck (55)
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1
Q

Population

A

A group of people who live in a specified geographic area

2
Q

Census

A

Counting of a population

3
Q

Population composition

A

The biological and social characteristics of a population including age, sex, race

4
Q

Sex ratio

A

Number of males for every 100 females in a nations population

5
Q

Age sex pyramid

A

Graphic representation of the age and sex of a population

6
Q

Fertility

A

Incidence of childbearing in a country’s population

7
Q

Mortality rate

A

Incidence of death

8
Q

Migration

A

Movement of people into and out a country

9
Q

Crude birth rate

A

Number of births given year for every 1000 people in a population

10
Q

Fecundity

A

Potential number of children who could be born if every woman reproduced at her maximum biological capacity

11
Q

Crude death rate

A

Number of deaths in a given year for every 1000 people In a population

12
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

Number of deaths among infants under one year of age for every 1000 people in a population

13
Q

Life expectancy

A

The median number of a years a person can be expected to live under current mortality conditions

14
Q

Immigrants

A

Enter a country to establish permanent residence

15
Q

Emigrants

A

Leave a country permanently

16
Q

Growth rate

A

The difference between births and death, plus the difference between immigrants and emigrants per 1000 population

17
Q

Malthusian perspective

A

Lays out problem

If left unchecked the population would exceed the available food supply

18
Q

Marxist perspective

A

Provides solution

Though the use of technology food can be produced for a growing population

19
Q

Neo Malthusian perspective

A

New problem

Overpopulation and rapid population growth result in global environmental problems

20
Q

Urbanization

A

The concentration of population into cities

21
Q

Cosmopolitan

A

Students, artist, writers, musicians, and professionals who live in the city to be close to its cultural facilities

22
Q

Unmarried

A

And childless people live in the city to be close to work and entertainment

23
Q

Ethnic villagers

A

Live in ethnically segregated neighborhoods

24
Q

Deprived

A

Poor people with dim future prospects

25
Q

Trapped

A

Downwardly mobile persons, older persons, and addicts who cannot escape the city

26
Q

Health

A

State of complete physical, mental, well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity

27
Q

Social epidemiology

A

The study of how health and disease are distributed throughout a society’s population

28
Q

Incidence

A

The number of new cases of a specific disorder I curing within a given population during a stated period

29
Q

Prevalence

A

The total number of cases of a specific disorder that exist at a given time

30
Q

Sick role

A

Patterns of behavior defined as appropriate for people who are ill

31
Q

Social change

A

The transformation of culture and social institutions over time

32
Q

Collective behavior

A

Activity involving a large number of people that is often controversial and sometimes dangerous

33
Q

Institutionalized behavior

A

Well organized and rather predictable

34
Q

Panic

A

Form of collective behavior in which people in one place react to a threat or other stimulus with irrational, frantic, and often self destructive behavior

35
Q

Mob

A

Highly emotional crowd that pursues a violent or destructive goal

36
Q

Riot

A

Social eruption that is highly emotional, violent, and undirected

37
Q

Crowd

A

Temporary gathering of people who share a common focus of attention and who influence one another

38
Q

Casual crowd

A

A loose collection of people who interact little

39
Q

Conventional crowd

A

Results from deliberate planning. The behavior of people follows a clear set of norms

40
Q

Expressive crowd

A

Forms around an event with emotional appeal

41
Q

Acting crowd

A

Collectivity motivated by an intense, single minded purpose

42
Q

Protest crowd

A

Engages in activity intended to achieve specific political goals

43
Q

Contagion theory

A

Crowds have a hypnotic influence on their members. People forget about responsibility and give into the contagious emotions of the crowd

44
Q

Convergence theory

A

Crowd behavior comes from the particular people who join in.

45
Q

Rumor

A

Unconfirmed information that people spread informally, often by word of mouth

46
Q

Gossip

A

Rumors about people’s personal affairs

47
Q

Public opinion

A

Widespread to widespread attitudes about controversial issues

48
Q

Social movement

A

An organized activity that encourages or discourages social change

49
Q

Alternative movements

A

Seek limited change in only a part of the problem. Help people alter their lives

50
Q

Redemptive

A

Target specific people but they seek radical change. Redeem their lives

51
Q

Reformative

A

Aim for only limited social Change but target everyone

52
Q

Revolutionary

A

Seek the transformation of an entire society

53
Q

Resource mobilization theory

A

A variety of resources are necessary for a social movement

54
Q

Relative deprivation theory

A

People who are discontent when they compare their achievements with those of others consider themselves relatively deprived

55
Q

Demography

A

The study of the human population