Flashcards in 3: COPD Epidemiology Deck (8)
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1
Q
Alpha-1 antitrypsen deficiency is associated with both COPD and what?
A
Liver disease
2
Q
Is alpha-1 antritrypsin deficiency related to the chronic bronchitis or emphysema component of COPD?
A
Emphysema
3
Q
In asthma, damage is potentially _____, but in COPD damage is _____.
A
In asthma, damage is potentially reversible, but in COPD damage is not reversible.
4
Q
4 risk factors for COPD.
A
- Smoking: heavy and light smokers, active or passive
- Exposure to particles: via air pollution and/or work environment
- Increased infections throughout your life in conjunction with other factors
- Genetic factor: alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
5
Q
What autosomal recessive disorder can lead to COPD and is usually the case with COPD diagnosis under age 40?
A
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
6
Q
What factors may indicate hereditary emphysema that is difficult to diagnose in the presence of asthma?
A
- Family history of early-onset lung disease or childhood liver disease
- Shortness of breath that gets worse over years, not related to attacks of wheezing
- Early development of emphysema in alpha 1-ATD is associated with current or prior cigarette smoking
7
Q
COPD is characterized by what?
A
Obstruction of airflow
8
Q
What 2 pulmonary conditions comprise COPD?
A
- Chronic bronchitis
- Emphysema