3.1 Molecular Orbitals

Question 1

Sigma Bonds

Answer 1

End-on overlap of atomic orbitals

Question 2

Pi Bonds

Answer 2

Side-on overlap of parallel atomic orbitals

Question 3

Hybridisation

Answer 3

Process of mixing atomic orbitals within an atom to generate a set of new atomic orbitals called hybrid orbitals which are degenerate

Question 4

Chromophore

Answer 4

A group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for the absorption of light in the visible range and therefore its colour

Question 5

C-C

Answer 5

sp3 hybridisation, one sigma

Question 6

C=C

Answer 6

sp2 hybridisation, one sigma + one pi

Question 7

C≡C

Answer 7

sp hybridisation, one sigma + two pi

Question 8

Conjugated System

Answer 8

Electrons are delocalised across a number of carbon atoms