3.1.3. ANATOMY Pleurae, Lungs, Bronchi, and Segments

Question 1

Identify A and F in the following diagram

Answer 1

A = Right Mainstem bronchus

F = Left Mainstem bronchus

May also be primary bronchus

Question 2

Identify B, D, and E in the following diagram:

Answer 2

B, D, and E are the Right Superior, Middle, and Inferior Secondary Bronchi, respectively

Secondary may also be lobar

Question 3

Identify I and G on the following diagram:

Answer 3

G = Left Superior Secondary Bronchus

I = Left Inferior Secondary Bronchus

Question 4

Identify B1-3 on the following diagram:

Answer 4

In order, from 1 to 3:

Right Apical, Anterior, and Posterior Segmental Bronchi

Tertiary = segmental

Question 5

Identify D4-5

Answer 5

D4 = Right Lateral Segmental Bronchus

D5 = Right Medial Segmental Bronchus

Recall: RML = Right Middle Lobe (Has MEDIAL and LATERAL teriary bronchi)

Question 6

Identify E6-10

Answer 6

E6: Right superior segmental bronchus

E7: Right Medial basal segmental bronchus

E8:Right anterior basal segmental bronchus

E9:Right lateral basal segmental bronchus

E10:Right posterior basal segmental bronchus

Question 7

Identify G1-3 and H4+5

Answer 7

G1,2: Left Apicoposterior Segmental Bronchus

G3: Left Anterior Segmental Bronchus

H4: Left Superior Lingular Segmental Bronchus

H5: Left Inferior Lingular Segmental Bronchus

Question 8

Identify I6-10:

Answer 8

I6: Left Superior Segmental Bronchus

I7: Left Medial Basal Segmental Bronchus

I8:Left Anterior Basal Segmental Bronchus

I9: Left Lateral Basal Segmental Bronchus

I10: Left Posterior Basal Segmental Bronchus

Question 9

What are the four main surfaces of the lung?

Answer 9

Costal Surface

Apical Surface

Daiphragmatic Surface

Mediastinal Surface

Question 10

Which germ layer does the lung parenchyma arise from?

Answer 10

Endoderm

Question 11

Which germ layer do the parietal and visceral pleura arise from?

Answer 11

Mesoderm

Question 12

Neural innervation (the phrenic and intercostal nerves) arise from which germ layer?

Answer 12

Ectoderm

Question 13

Which structures make up the borders of the triangle of auscultation?

Answer 13

Trapezius

Medial border of the scapula

Latissimus dorsi

Question 14

Which recess is in the lowest portion of the pleural cavity and is the site for fluid collection when the patient is upright?

Answer 14

Costodiaphragmatic recess

Question 15

Define “pleural pressure”

Answer 15

Negative pressure generated by the outward pull of the thoracic cavity and the inward pull of the lung

Question 16

What is the first period of embryo development in which life is rare, but possible outside of the womb?

In which period of embryo development is life likely outside of the womb?

Answer 16

Late canalicular period (weeks 20-26) - life outside the womb is rare, but possible. Surfactant must be artificially introduced to save the baby.

Saccular period (weeks 26-40) - life is possible outside of the womb.

Question 17

Respiratory diverticulum develops in which week?

Answer 17

Week 4

Question 18

In which part of the lungs will you feel pain? Why?

Answer 18

Parietal pleura, because it is innervated by the intercostal nerves and phrenic nerve