4 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What was the first major crisis of the Cold War?
The Berlin Crisis, 1948-49
This crisis marked the beginning of heightened tensions between the Eastern and Western blocs.
What agreement was made by the Allies regarding Germany during the 1945 peace conferences?
Germany and Berlin were divided into four zones of occupation
These zones were controlled by the US, UK, France, and the Soviet Union.
What was Bizonia?
The merging of the US and British zones in Berlin into one economic unit
This occurred in 1947 as a response to growing tensions.
When did Stalin cut off access to West Berlin?
24 June 1948
This was part of his response to the introduction of the western Deutschmark.
What was the primary purpose of the Berlin airlift?
To supply West Berlin after Stalin’s blockade
The airlift began on 28 June 1948 and lasted for ten months.
What was the peak of the Berlin airlift?
On 16-17 April 1949, 1398 flights delivered nearly 13,000 tons of supplies in 24 hours
This showcased the effectiveness of the airlift operation.
What was the result of the Berlin Blockade for West Berlin?
West Berlin survived and stood up to the Soviet Union
This was seen as a victory for Truman and the Western Allies.
What did the blockade and airlift confirm about Germany and Berlin?
The divisions of Germany and Berlin were solidified
This led to the establishment of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the German Democratic Republic (GDR).
What military alliance was formed as a consequence of the Berlin Crisis?
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
NATO was established in April 1949 to prevent Soviet expansion.
What was NATO’s main purpose?
To prevent Soviet expansion
It provided a formal military alliance among Western European states and the US.
What significant impact did the formation of NATO have on the USA?
The USA was now committed to the defense of Western Europe
This marked a shift in American foreign policy towards a more active role in European security.
What does the term ‘blockade’ refer to?
The surrounding of a place with troops or ships to prevent the entry or exit of supplies
This tactic was used by Stalin during the Berlin Blockade.
True or False: The Berlin Wall crisis occurred before the Berlin Blockade.
False
The Berlin Blockade occurred in 1948-49, while the Wall crisis was in 1961.
Fill in the blank: The Potsdam Conference was important because it led to differences between the Soviet Union and the USA over _______.
[Germany]
It also influenced their relations regarding Eastern Europe.
What was the Truman Doctrine’s main commitment regarding foreign policy?
Containment of communism
This doctrine was established in 1947 and marked a significant shift in US policy.
