4 b) Crude Oil Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 4 b) Crude Oil Deck (14)
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1
Q

Acid rain

A

Rain which has a pH of less than about 5.6 caused when water and oxygen in the atmosphere react with sulphur dioxide to produce sulphuric acid, or with various oxides of nitrogen, NOx, to give nitric acid.

2
Q

Complete combustion

A

When a hydrocarbon burns in sufficient oxygen and forms carbon dioxide and water.

3
Q

Cracking

A

Process in which long-chain alkanes are converted to alkenes and shorter-chain alkanes using silica/alumina as a catalyst at a temperature of 600-700℃.

4
Q

Crude oil

A

Mixture of hydrocarbons.

5
Q

Fractional distillation

A

A process to separate two liquids with similar boiling points.

6
Q

Incomplete combustion

A

When a hydrocarbon burns in insufficient oxygen. Water is formed as a product, but carbon monoxide or carbon are formed instead of carbon dioxide.

7
Q

Non-renewable resource

A

A finite resource that cannot be replaced (at least not for millions of years).

8
Q

Catalytic converter

A

A device used in cars to convert oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide into harmless nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide.

9
Q

Combustion

A

A reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen (burns) to form products and heat.

10
Q

Crude oil

A

Formed from the remains of living organisms by high temperatures and pressures into a thick, black oil. (A mixture of hydrocarbons.)

11
Q

Fossil fuels

A

Include coal, gas and fuels derived from crude oil.

12
Q

Fractionating column

A

Piece of equipment used for separating vapours in fractional distillation.

13
Q

Viscous

A

A liquid that is resistant to flow.

14
Q

Volatile

A

A substance that evaporates easily.