4 Cytoskeleton 1 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 4 Cytoskeleton 1 Deck (29)
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1
Q

order microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules from smallest to largest

A
  • microfilaments
  • intermediate filaments
  • microtubules
2
Q

lamins, keratin, neurofilamin, vimentin, desmin, and GFAP are all examples of what?

A

intermediate filament subunits

3
Q

actin is a subunit of what

A

microfilament

4
Q

tubulin is a subunit of what?

A

microtubules

5
Q

organelle transport is dependent on what filament?

A

microtubules

6
Q

which direction do kinesins move things?

A

orthograde (away from the nucleus)

7
Q

which direction do dyneins move things?

A

retrogradetoward the nucleus

8
Q

what forms the mitotic spindle apparatus?

A

microtubules

9
Q

what are axonemes? what is the array?

A
  • specialized microtubule structures

- 9 + 2 array

10
Q

cilia and flagellar movement is dependent on what filament?

A

microtubule

11
Q

what are the role of basal bodies?

A

they are a microtubule structure that anchors axonemes - in particular, cilia

12
Q

what is the motor for many MT functions?

A

dynein arms

13
Q

what is the mechanism of taxol?

A

binds and stabilizes microtubules

14
Q

what is the mechanism of colchicine and colcemid?

A

binds subunits and prevents their depolymerization

15
Q

what is the mechnism of vinblastin and vincristine?

A

binds subunits and prevents their polymerization

16
Q

what are the fundamental units of stress fibers?

A

actin

17
Q

what is the significance of stress fibers?

A

other the fact that the function was proposed at TUSM, they are found in endothelial cells lining large arteries to help support shear forces

18
Q

what are three forms of actin?

A

beta, alpha, and nuclei

19
Q

what is the function of beta actin?

A

helps cells move as it is localized to the migrating front

20
Q

what filament is fundamental to cytokinesis?

A

actin

21
Q

phagocytosis is mediated by what filament?

A

actin

22
Q

leprosy, toxoplasmosis, and leischamniasis take advantage of what cellular process to infect the host?

A

phagocytosis

23
Q

microvili are composed of what filament?

A

actin

24
Q

what is the “dark side of actin”

A

it can be attacked by bacteria and viruses

25
Q

how does listeria and vaccinia spread from cell to cell?

A

they hijack the actin microfilament assembly system

26
Q

in general what is hereditary spherocytosis caused by?

A

defective membrane-cytoskeleton interactions

27
Q

what is the basic structure of intermediate filaments?

A

twisted rope

28
Q

desmosomes are a specialized (blank) structure?

A

intermediate filament

29
Q

hemidesmosomes are composed of what type of filament? what is their function?

A
  • intermediate filament

- anchors skin cells to the basal lamina