Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biomed > 4.2 Gut Stuff > Flashcards

4.2 Gut Stuff Flashcards

(63 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the digestive system?

A

Body system that digests and absorbs foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gastrointestinal tract (g.i)

A

The stomach and intestines working as one unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Accessory organs

A

Organs in the digestive system that aid in digestion but are not main like the GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is digestion?

A

The process of making food absorbable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

The physical breakdown of food by the teeth and muscle movements in digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chemical digestion

A

The chemical breakdown of food by digestive enzymes and acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hard palate us soft palate

A

Hard palate is bone (in the front of the mouth), soft palate is tissue that seals off naval cavity (in back of mouth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Oral cavity

A

Adapted to recipe food through ingestion and break into smaller pieces to move down the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pharynx

A

Delivers food and liquids to the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Esophagus

A

Transports food from oral cavity to stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Stomach

A

Holds the food and mixes it w/ acid and enzymes that chemically break down food in order to absorb the nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Small intestine

A

Absorbs nutrients from food and further breaks down food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Large intestine

A

Absorbs water and converts waste into stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Colon

A

Parts of large intestine, moves stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rectum

A

Stores stool until removal out of anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Anus

A

Detect rectal contents, controls when stool is secreted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Duodenum

A

First section of small intestine, absorbs iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Jejunum

A

Middle section of the small intestine, absorbs sugars and acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ileum

A

Lowest section of the small intestine, absorbs left over nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cecum

A

Pouch that connects the small and large intestine, absorbs large volumes of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Four parts of the colon

A

Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Salivary glands

A

Produce saliva which breaks down food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Uvula

A

Secretes saliva, and blocks liquids from going into the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Liver

A

Secretes bile and absorbed nutrients from blood stream (coming from small intestine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Pancreas
Produces enzymes that help to digest food, particularly protiens, insulin also produced (that regulates enzyme release)
26
Sphincter
Controls movement of consumed substances, liquids, and stools from body
27
1st sphincter
Upper esophageal sphincter
28
2nd sphincter
Lower esophageal sphincter
29
3rd sphincter
Pyloric sphincter
30
Appendix
Fights pathogens, and populates gut w/ beneficial bacteria
31
oral cavity mechanical digestion
Teeth
32
Oral cavity chemical digestion
Saliva/salivary amylase
33
Salivary amylase
Chemically breaks down carbohydrates
34
Tongue
Assists in food movement and speaking
35
Bolus
Chewed (undigested) food moving through the digestive system
36
Epiglottis
Blocks trachea when swallowing to insure food goes to esophagus
37
Esophagus and stomach mechanical digestion
Peristalsis
38
Peristalsis
An involuntary contraction and relaxation through out the digestive system
39
Esophagus and stomach chemical digestion
Acids and enzymes
40
Chyme
Semifluid mass of partially digested food and secretions in the stomach and moved into the duodenum for absorption
41
Pepsin
An enzyme that breaks down proteins. Low pH activates gastric chief cells that produce pepsin
42
Why don't stomach acids burn stomach walls
They don't burn because of the epithelial tissues covered W/ mucus
43
How does food move through the intestine
Peristalsis (muscle movements)
44
Maltese
Enzyme that breaks down glucose released by small intestine
45
Where are enzymes released
The duodenum
46
Lipase
Breaks down fats
47
Protease
Breaks down proteins
48
Amylase
Breaks down carbs and starches
49
Liver bile
Bile breaks down fats enter through duodenum
50
Bile path
Liver, pancreas ducts, duodenum, gallbladder (stores bile)
51
Endoscopy
Invasive procedure used to look inside the body involves inserting tube into hollow organ
52
Upper endoscopy
Enters through oral cavity
53
Colonoscopy
Enters through anus into colon
54
Biopsy
Procedure that removes a piece of tissue or sample of cells to be tested
55
Colon polyp
Small growth occurring in the dinning of colon, caused by change in cell growth (genetic on environmental) symptoms: anemia, pain, rectal bleeding
56
Celiac disease
Chronic condition caused by inflammatory response to digestion of gluten can lead to destruction of villi and crypt
57
Gastros esophageal reflux disease
Recurrent regurgitation of acidic stomach reflux, involuntary release, symptoms include burning chest sensations, sore throat, eroded teeth etc.
58
Peptic ulcer disease
Formation of ulcers, caused by bacterial infections or long-term use of pain-killers. Symptoms pain in abdomen, vomiting, gas etc.
59
Crohn'S disease
A chronic inflammatory bowel disease commonly seen in the small and large intestine. Cause scaring, etc. Symptoms: fever, cramps, diarrhea etc.
60
Whipple'S disease
Infections disease caused by tropheryma whipplei (type of bacteria), enters through mouth then enters the blood stream. Causes diarrhea, weight loss, malabsorption, etc. Treat w/ anti-biotics
61
BMI
Measurement of body fat based on height and weight
62
BMR
Base line rate at which your body uses energy resting needs
63
TDEE
Factors level of physical activity to give accurate amount of calories each day. (Total daily energy expenditure) basically resting plus exercise

Biomed (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions