4.5 Network Address Translation

Question 1

NAT

Answer 1

Network Address Translation

NAT is a technique instead of a defined standard.
NAT takes one IP address and translates it into another.

NAT is a technology that allows a gateway, usually a router or a firewall to rewrite the source IP of an outgoing IP datagram while retaining the original IP in order to rewrite it into the response.

Question 2

IP MASQUERADING

Answer 2

What NAT is doing in this example is hiding the IP of Computer 1 from Computer 2.
This is known as IP masquerading. IP masquerading is an important security concept.

Question 3

ONE-TO-MANY NAT

Answer 3

A number of computers can all have their outbound traffic translated via NAT to a single IP.

Question 4

PORT PRESERVATION

Answer 4

Is a technique where the source port chosen by a client is the same port used by the router.

Question 5

PORT FORWARDING

Answer 5

Port forwarding is a technique where specific destination ports can be configured to always be delivered to specific nodes.

This technique allows for complete IP masquerading while still having services that can respond to incoming traffic.

This technique not only allows for IP masquerading, it also simplifies how external users might interact with lots of services all run by the same organization.

Question 6

RIR

Answer 6

Regional Internet Registries.

An RIR is an organization that manages internet number resources within a geographical region.