5.1 Skeletal Tissue

Question 1

Bone is a type of _____ tissue

Answer 1

Connective

Question 2

All connective tissues are derived from

Answer 2

Mesenchyme (embryonic stem cell)

Question 3

Chondroblast

Answer 3

Cartilage stem cell

Question 4

Osteoblasts

Answer 4

Bone tissue

Question 5

Fibroblasts

Answer 5

Collagen, elastic fibers, connective tissue proper

Question 6

Blood stem cells

Answer 6

Give rise to all of the stem cells; formed elements of your blood

Question 7

Mesenchyme (connective tissues) four categories

Answer 7

• chondroblast
• osteoblast
• fibroblast
• blood stem cells

Question 8

Chondroblasts differentiate into

Answer 8

Chondrocytes (cells of cartilage)

Question 9

Fibrocytes give rise to

Answer 9

Connective tissue proper

Question 10

Blood stem cells become formed elements of blood:

Answer 10

Water, matrix, cellular debris, proteins

Question 11

Most of your bones are first patterned out of _____.

Answer 11

Cartilage

Question 12

Properties of cartilage:

Answer 12

• mostly water
• highly resilient tissue (pliable)
• abundant in embryo

Question 13

Three types of cartilage:

Answer 13

• hyaline (most abundant and basic, aka glass cartilage) nose and trachea
• elastic (+elastic fiber, recoil) ear & epiglottis
• fibrocartilage (+collagen) padding between joints and spine

Question 14

Bones are ____ that contain several types of ______.

Answer 14

Organs, tissues

Question 15

Bone tissue is primarily _______ material

Answer 15

Inorganic (~65%) Crystalline salts (calcium phosphate)

Question 16

The organic material in bone is

Answer 16

Collagen (~35%) which gives pliability

Question 17

Compact vs Woven bone

Answer 17

Compact - around periphery/outside of the bone, solid strong.
Woven - spongy bone (majority of bone), more space reduces weight

Question 18

Bone marrow is in the

Answer 18

Medullary cavity (middle)

Question 19

Shaft of long bone aka

Answer 19

Diaphysis

Question 20

Each end of a long bone is called

Answer 20

Epiphysis (proximal/distal)

Question 21

Two types of bone marrow

Answer 21

Red marrow - actively producing blood
Yellow marrow - dormant (has adipose)

Question 22

Hyaline cartilage found on the ends of a long bone is called:

Answer 22

Articular cartilage

Question 23

T/F Bone is a solid structure that is constantly rearranging (around vasculature)

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Osteon are

Answer 24

Cylindrical structures, blood supply in the central canal, surrounded by rings of tissue.

Question 25

Lacunae

Answer 25

Pockets in bone where osteocytes were sitting

Question 26

How many named bones in human body

Answer 26

206

Question 27

Bones (organ) provide:

Answer 27

- support and movement - protection of underlying organs - mineral storage (calcium phosphate) - blood cell formation (red/yellow marrow

Question 28

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 28

- most abundant - support through flexibility - glass cartilage - nose and trachea

Question 29

Elastic cartilage

Answer 29

- contains many elastic fibers - able to tolerate repeated bending - ears and epiglottis

Question 30

Fibrocartilage

Answer 30

- resists strong compression and tension - intermediate between hyaline & elastic - padding between joints and spine