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ASA Coursework > 5.9 Rules of the Road > Flashcards

5.9 Rules of the Road Flashcards

1
Q

Is a vessel that is trolling a Fishing Vessel or a Power Vessel?

A

It is a power vessel, since other than the act of fishing, trolling does not inhibit maneuverability, like the using nets, lines, etc.

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2
Q

Proper lookout means

A

CONTINUOUS scanning, using all senses but primarily direct sight and use of equipment

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3
Q

When doing a proper lookout, always remember to look….

A

astern of you. For boats and ships coming at you from behind also have rules.

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4
Q

A risk of collision exists when the compass or relative heading of a boat…

A

… does not change over time.

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5
Q

Head-on boats alter their course (how) and (to do what)?

A

alter to starboard to pass port-side to port-side

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6
Q

In a crossing situation, the boat __ ____ is the stand-on boat. Your boat is the ___ ___ boat.

A

on the starboard; give-way boat

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7
Q

Is there any difference between a power vessel over taking a sailboat or a sailboat overtaking a power vessel?

A

No. The boat being overtaken is the stand on boat; the over-taking boat is the give way boat.

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8
Q

A stand-on vessels primary responsibility is to maintain ____ and ____, yet still ultimately avoid ______.

A

speed and course; collision

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9
Q

A boat further into the wind from you is considered a _____ boat, and the opposite downwind boat is considered _____.

A

windward; leeward

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10
Q

If you are the Give Way vessel, you must either (3 things)

A

change speed, change course, stop

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11
Q

Actions take to avoid collision should be done ____ and _____.

A

early and substantially (to make clear to other boat)

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12
Q

When two sailboats have wind on their opposing sides,

A

the one on a starboard tack (wind coming over the starboard side) is the stand-on vessel; the one on a port tack (wind coming over their port side) is the give way. Starboard-side light is green, starboard-side WIND (NOT BOOM) is go.

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13
Q

When two sailboats both have wind coming from the same side…

Why?

A

the windward boat (the one closer to the wind’s source) is the give-way boat.

Why? Windward boat likely have better manueverability, and might even be blocking the wind of the other boat.

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14
Q

Nuance — In sailing’s Rules of Racing, the windward side of the boat is always the side…

A

…. opposite from where the boom is sitting. (Boom, though, may not always be on the true leeward side of the boat, due to preventers or other issues.

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15
Q

In a narrow channel, ___ boat of less than ___ meters, and sailboats of ___ size, must….

This takes precedent over…

A

ANY; 20; ANY

not impede the passage of vessels that can only navigate within the channel.

…. normal rules of the road

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16
Q

Rules re: Separation zones include (3 things)

A
  1. Shipping vessels must travel in the indicated direction on a chart
  2. Must stay out of the neutral zone
  3. When crossing a shipping zone, do so AQAP and at a right angle
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17
Q

Enumerate the hierarchy of rights from least rights to greatest (six of them)

A
  1. Seaplane (must keep clear of all)
  2. Power vessel
  3. Sailing vessel (not under power)
  4. Fishing vessel (but not trolling only)
  5. Vessel restricted in its ability to move
  6. Vessel not under command
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18
Q

Adjust speed in fog to align with (three things)…

A
  1. limits of visibility
  2. density of other traffic
  3. maneuverability of own boat
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19
Q

When you hear a fog horn ahead, be ready to

A

turn right to avoid a collision

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20
Q

Sailboats are under less of an imperative to reduce speed in fog because reducing speed also…

A

…decreases maneuverability

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21
Q

Fog signals generally indicate the

A

…type of vessel or landmark blowing its horn

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22
Q

Fog signals are always issue in

A

…two minute intervals unless

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23
Q

Fog signals are either _____ or _____, lasting respectively ____ and ____ seconds.

A

short; prolonged; 1 second; 4 to 6 seconds. (NOTE on cards here, may be referred to as dash and dot)

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24
Q

Fog signal for a power vessel of any size underway (vessel is not moored, anchored or aground, not necessary engine on)

A

1 Prolonged

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25
Q

Fog signal for Power vessel underway (not moored, anchored, aground) but stopped/not making way

A

2 Prolonged

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26
Q

Fog signals for any of the following:

Vessel not under command

Restricted in ability to move

A sailing vessel

Fishing boat

Tug with tow or pushing

A

Dash Dot Dot

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27
Q

Fog signal for Last vessel in a tow

A

Dash dot dot dot

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28
Q

Fog signal for pilot vessel

A

dot dot dot dot

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29
Q

Ringing of five bells indicates

A

Vessel under 100 meters at anchor; not required for vessels under 20 meters or in certain anchorages

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30
Q

Ringing of five gongs

A

Follows ringing of five bells for vessels OVER 100 meters at anchor

Bells are at the bow; Gong is at the stern

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31
Q

The odd thing about a masthead light is that it…

A

… frequently isnt at the mast head but part way up the mast

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32
Q

Arc of a masthead light

A

White light, covering 180 degrees beam to beam plus 22.5 degrees (half of 45 degrees on each side. So 225 degrees total (180+22.5+22.5)

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33
Q

Arc of Side lights

A

Red or green, 112 degrees from bow on each side = (90 + 22.5)

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34
Q

Arc of stern light

A

White light at stern with arc of 135 degrees total (90-22.5 on one side, plus 90-22.5 on other side, or said differently 180 - 45 = 135)

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35
Q

Towing vessel lights color and position

A

A towing vessel has a yellow light at the stern when towing

PLUS

two or three white masthead lights facing forward

36
Q

Another name for an anchor light is…

A

an all-around light

37
Q

Anchor light characteristics (location, color, arc)

A

At the mast head (go figure…), white, 360 degrees

38
Q

When at anchor with anchor light on, turn ___…..

A

off all other running lights.

39
Q

Lights on a power vessel UNDER 50 meters

Allowable for under 12 meters is…

A

single masthead light, side lights, stern light

under 12, the masthead and stern light can be combined into one all-around light, but side lights must be lit (otherwise will appear at anchor)

40
Q

Power vessel towing

A

Normal masthead, sidelights, stern lights

PLUS

stern yellow light all-around

PLUS

second masthead light if tow is < 200 meters

or

third masthead light if tow is > 200 meters

41
Q

Lights on a power vessel OVER 50 meters

A

single masthead light, side lights, stern light

AND

a second masthead light located aft and higher than first one

Relative position of masthead lights indicates which way boat is heading (schooner, scoop)

42
Q

Unique lights for a tug alongside or pushing its tow

A

International - no yellow light at stern

Inland waters, TWO vertical yellow lights

43
Q

Behind a tug beware an

A

unlighted two

44
Q

Behind a tug, towed vessel should show

A

either normal running lights or at least a all-around white light.

45
Q

A sailing vessel underway should show what lights and not what lights

A

sidelights and stern lights only.

not masthead light (only used when under power)

not all-around white (only used when at anchor)

46
Q

Lights on a row boat or sailboats less than 7 meters

A

flashlight

47
Q

A flashlight may be used for (two situations)

A

row boat / dinghy

sailing vessel under 7 meters

48
Q

Sailboats should shine a spot light on ….. and not on …..

A

its sails

eyes of the other ship

49
Q

A tricolor at the top of the mast may be used on boats less than ___ International and ___ Inland

A

12M

20M

50
Q

Special light situations Red over Red

A

I’ve lost my head – vessel not under command but also not in distress

51
Q

Special light situation Red over White over Red

A

Can’t control my head – vessel with limited maneuverability

52
Q

“RIB”

A

Rigid-hull Inflatable Boat

53
Q

If a dingy or RIB can travel fast than 7 knots…

A

the dighy or RIB must have running lights (otherwise just a flashlight)

54
Q

When on dinghy or RIB, can also use the ____ ____ frequently found on VHF

A

strobe function (but be careful if it sends SOS signal)

55
Q

Three vertical whites

A

towing at night

56
Q

Red over Red over Red

A

Constrained by draft

57
Q

Green over white

A

trawling at night

towing nets

58
Q

Red over white

A

fishing at night

59
Q

White over red

A

pilot ahead

60
Q

Single white light

A

Vessel under 50m at anchor.

If over 50m, two white lights, forward and astern

61
Q

Day Shapes: Single black ball

A

Vessel at anchor

62
Q
A
63
Q

Day Shapes: two black balls

A

Vessel not under command

64
Q

Day Shapes: Black Diamond

A

Vessel is towing

65
Q

Day Shapes

Ball

Diamond

Ball

A

Restricted maneuverability

66
Q

Day Shapes

Diamond along side Ball or Diamond over Ball

A

Towing AND restricted in maneuverability

67
Q

Day Shapes

Inverted Cone

A

Sailing vessel with both

Sails aloft

Running engine

Signals you are a power vessel even though sails are up

68
Q

Whistle Signals: Only used when and why?

A

Within sight of one another

Not to confuse with fog signals

69
Q

Whistle signal: One short blast International

A

Turning to starboard for port-to-port pass

70
Q

Whistle Signals - two short blasts International

A

I am altering my course to port

71
Q

Whistle Signals - Three short blasts International

A

I am backing

72
Q

Whistle Signals (Inland) – one short blast

A

I intend to leave you on my port side

73
Q

Whistle Signals (inland) – two short blasts

A

I intend to leave you on my starboard side

74
Q

Whistle Signals (inland) - three short blasts

A

I intend backing

75
Q

Whistle Signals (inland) - one short blast while overtaking

A

I intend to pass you on your starboard side

76
Q

Whistle Signals (inland) - two short blasts while overtaking

A

I intend to pass you on your port side

77
Q

Whistle Signals (international) - Dash dash dot when passing

A

I intend to overtake you on your starboard side

78
Q

Whistle Signals (international) - Dash dash dot dot when passing

A

Intend to overtake on your port side

79
Q

In international waters, except when overtaking, Whistle Signals are indications of….

A

actions in progress, therefore no reply is needed. Unless disagreement, and reply should be five short blasts

80
Q

In inland waters, except when overtaking, Whistle Signals are indications of….

A

intention. The other boat should respond with exact same signal. If disagree, five short blasts.

81
Q

Whistle Signal: When naviating around a blind turn where a boat may be coming the other direction

A

One prolonged blast (4 to 6 seconds)

82
Q

“Distress” means a vessel needs

A

immediate help

83
Q

Distress signals when vessel needs immediate help (seven of them):

2 sound related

6 sight-line related

1 multi-purpose

3 electronic

A
  1. Firing gun or explosive signal one minute intervals
  2. Continuous short blasts of fog horn
  3. Red flares. (Red indicates distress. White are used to attract attention of another boat)
  4. Orange smoke signals
  5. Orange signal flag w/ black square and ball
  6. International Code Flags N over C (Need Care)
  7. Open flames?!?!?
  8. Slow repeated raising and lower or arms
  9. SOS made by any means
  10. Call on VHF Channel 16
  11. DSC radio signal (if registered)
  12. EPIRBs
84
Q

In nearly all instances of “give way”, two legitimate options besides turning are to

A

slow down or stop

85
Q

Two sailboats, same tack, one windward, one leeward

A

LEEWARD BOAT HAS STAND ON

Windward boat must keep clear by turning, slowing, stopping

86
Q

When describing whistle pattern to be used (for example DASH DOT DOT for sailboats and many other vessels other than plain power boat) you should also indicate…

A

…. frequency of signal

87
Q
A

ASA Coursework (17 decks)

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