6 Flashcards by Cyrene Otadoy

communicate over a distance

telecommunication

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network of computer
networks

Internet

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transmission of digital data between two or more
computers

Data communication

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two or more computers interconnected with one another for the purpose of
sharing resources such as database, backup device, and others

Computer network

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elements of a computer network

Protocols, protocol stack, Data and Messages, Communications medium, Devices

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rules and agreements on how the different parts of the network will operate

Protocols

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list or set of protocols used by a system

protocol stack

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information used or transmitted / received in the network

Data and Messages

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interconnects the different devices in the network. Ex.
copper and fiber optic cables

Communications medium

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includes computers, routers, switches, hubs, bridges and others

Devices

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Classification of Computer Networks According to Geographic Scope

Local Area Network
Metropolitan Area Network
Wide Area Network
Global Area Network
Personal Area Network (PAN)

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Computers confined to one building or cluster of buildings
Relatively high speed of transmission
Usually privately owned

Local Area Network

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Computers located within a city or cluster of cities
Usually use facilities of telecom or network service providers

Metropolitan Area Network

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Computers located outside a building or cluster of buildings
Computers may be located between two or more cities, or between two or more
countries

Wide Area Network

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Computers located in different countries around the world. Ex. Internet

Global Area Network

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interconnection of information technology devices within the range of an individual
person, typically within a range of 10 meters

Personal Area Network (PAN)

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Two Basic Network Models

Peer to peer client server
Dedicated client / server

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all computers share their resources with all the other computers in the network

Peer to peer client server

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one or more computers are assigned as a server and the rest of
the computers are clients

Dedicated client / server

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manages all network resources; dedicated; engineered to manage, store, send
and process data; provides the service

Server

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are workstations on which users run applications. ______ rely on servers for
resources; request the service

Clients

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refers to the appearance or the way a network is laid out

Network Topology

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Network topology could be

Physical Topology
Logical Topology

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refers to the physical lay out (geometric representation) of the computers
in a network.

Physical Topology

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refers to the physical lay out (geometric representation) of the computers in a network.

Physical Topology

Describes how data actually flow through the network. It refers to the logical layout of the computers in a network (how computers access other computers in the network)

Logical Topology

Most Basic topologies

Point to point Multipoint

two stations are connected

Point to point

connects three or more stations

Multipoint

examples of multipoint topologies

Star Bus Ring Mesh Hybrid Tree

• Stations are connected directly to a centrally located device such as a computer or hub which acts like a multipoint connector. • The central node is sometimes called central control, star coupler, or central switch.

Physical Star Topology

• It uses a multipoint data communications circuit. • All stations are connected to a single transmission medium, which allows all stations to receive transmitted packets. • Also called multidrop, linear bus, or horizontal bus

Physical Bus Topology

• All stations are connected in tandem (series) to form a closed loop or circle.

Physical Ring Topology

• Every station has a direct two-point communication to every other station. • Also called fully connected. • Fully connected circuit requires n(n-1) physical transmission links to interconnect n stations

Physical Mesh Topology

• It combines two or more of the traditional topologies to form a larger, more complex topology.

Physical Hybrid Topology • It combines two or more of the tr

• A central ‘root’ node (top level of the hierarchy) is connected to one or more other nodes that are one level lower in the hierarchy with a point-to-point physical link. • The second level node may also have connected to one or more other nodes that are one level down in the hierarchy with another point-to-point link. • The top level node i.e root node is the only node that has no other node above it in the hierarchy.

Physical Tree Topology

network of computer networks. It allows any computer connected to it to send and receive data from any computer connected to it

Internet

collection of interlinked multimedia documents that are stored on the Internet and accessed using a common protocol (HTTP)

World Wide Web

electronic document on the web is called

web page

collection of web pages is called

web site

oversees research and sets standards and guidelines for many areas of the Internet

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

www

World Wide Web

W3C

World Wide Web Consortium

inventor of w3c

Tim Berners-Lee

when is w3c invented

1989

when is the three fundamental technologies written

1990

three fundamental technologies

HTML URI HTTP

HTML

HyperText Markup Language

The markup (formatting) language for the web

HTML

A kind of “address” that is unique and used to identify to each resource on the web. It is also commonly called a URL

URI

Uniform Resource Identifier

Allows for the retrieval of linked resources from across the web

HTTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

also called telephone companies or other telecommunication providers, provides services such as Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration and hosting, dial-up access, leased line access and colocation

Internet service provider (ISP)

ISP

Internet service provider

ISP

Internet service provider

ISP connects to its customers using a data transmission technology such as

• dial-up • DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) • cable modem • wireless

IP Address

Internet Protocol Address

number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet

IP address

IP version 4 addresses are comprised of ____ groups of separated by dots. Each number is between 0 to ____

four, 255

text version of an IP address

Domain Name

DNS

Domain Name System

method that the Internet uses to store domain names and their corresponding IP addresses

DNS

URL

uniform resource locator

full address to a web page or file/program

URL

full address

http://www.domain_name/path/filename

the formal specification that defines the procedures that must be followed when transmitting or receiving data

protocol

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

Foundation protocols for the internet Manages conversations between servers and web clients

TCP/IP

information exchanging procedure standard between 2 communicating parties or computers, such as the client and the server

HTTP

secure version of HTTP. It’s basically an encrypted HTTP channel that encrypts all the information being exchanged, making transferring of confidential information secure from eavesdropping

HTTPS

Other protocols

FTP SMTP

FTP

File transfer protocol

used for interactive file transfer between systems

FTP

SMTP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

for transfer of electronic messages

SMTP

• private network accessible only by the organization's members, employees, or others with authorization • Internal website that takes advantage of the same basic technology as the Internet; • a local or restricted communications network, esp. a private network created using World Wide Web software.

Intranet

6 Flashcards

(77 cards)