6.1 Energy Flashcards
(17 cards)
Closed System
A system that experiences no net change in its total energy
when energy transfers occur within it
Conservation of Energy
The law that energy can be transferred, stored or dissipated but never created or destroyed
Efficiency
The ratio of useful output energy transfer to total energy input
Elastic Potential Energy
The store of energy that stretched or compressed objects experience
It is directly proportional to the stiffness constant and to the
square of the extension or compression
Fossil Fuels
Coal, oil and gas
Gravitational Potential Energy
The store of energy that all raised matter has
It is directly proportional to the mass of the object, the distance that it is risen and the gravitational field strength at that point
Joule
The unit used for energy.
Equal to the work done when a force of one Newton acts over a distance of one metre
Kinetic Energy
The store of energy that all moving matter has
It is directly proportional to the object’s mass and to the square of its velocity
Power
The rate at which energy is transferred, or at which work is done
Renewable Energy Resource
An energy resource that can be replenished whilst it is being used
Specific Heat Capacity
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature
of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
Spring Constant
A measure of a spring’s stiffness.
The greater the value, the greater the force required to stretch or compress the spring by a given distance
System
A single, or group, of objects
Thermal Conductivity
The higher this value is for a given material, the higher the
material’s rate of energy transfer via conduction will be
Waste Energy
Energy that isn’t usefully used for the purpose of the system
Watt
A unit of power.
One Watt is equivalent to one joule of work being done in
one second
Work Done
The energy transferred when a force acts over a distance
