6th - SS Chapter 3 - Study Guide

Question 0

The area of Mesopotamia is sometimes called the Fertile Crescent because the soil is so ____________ and good for growing crops. _______________ increased the amount of usable farmland or the Fertile Crescent.

Answer 0

Rich or fertile

Irrigation

Question 1

The Fertile Crescent was home to the world’s first civilization called ______________.

Answer 1

Sumer

Question 2

Northern Mesopotamia includes the foothills of the _________ and _____________Mountain chains.

Answer 2

Taurus and Zagros

Question 3

The two rivers, the _______________ and _____________ were extremely important to Sumerian farming.

Answer 3

Tigris and Euphrates

Question 4

The Sumerians developed a new way to plant; it was called a _____________.

Answer 4

Seed Funnel

Question 5

The steady food supply allowed people to stay in one place so this led to the development of ____________.

Answer 5

City-states

Question 6

The Sumerian religion was polytheistic and the priests role was to ______________ with the gods.

Answer 6

Communicate

Question 7

Sumerian priests created a new writing system called _____________.

Answer 7

Cuneiform

Question 8

Cuneiform was a system of writing that use _________________ symbols to stand for things and ideas.

Answer 8

Triangular-shaped

Question 9

__________________ was written in cuneiform on clay tablets.

Answer 9

The Epic of Gilgamesh

Question 10

As the city-states grew they fought and argued so the first kings of Sumer were ________________.

Answer 10

Military leaders

Question 11

The fighting amount the ________________ eventually lead to the conquest of Sumer.

Answer 11

City-states

Question 12

The Sumerians made many advancements. They created sculptures that were _______________. They developed ____________ which helped them make stronger weapons.

Answer 12

Realistic (human-like)

Bronze

Question 13

Fighting continued between city-states for many years while a new society arose _______________.

Answer 13

Akkadian

Question 14

A man from this new society named _____________ became ruler.

Answer 14

Sargon

Question 15

Sargon conquered and controlled Sumerian states and eventually created an ___________.

Answer 15

Empire

Question 16

This Akkadian empire lasted for more than ______ years.

Answer 16

50

Question 17

A new empire arose under Hammurabi with its center in ___________.

Answer 17

Babylon

Question 18

Hammurabi was an excellent military leader, and he was also a _____________.

Answer 18

Skilled ruler

Question 19

He set up a set of laws called ________________ that followed the “offense, punishment” pattern.

Answer 19

Hammurabi’s Code

Question 20

The idea that everyone must obey the law, including powerful proletarians is found in _______________.

Answer 20

Rule of Law

Question 21

Assyria lay _______ of Babylon and they used ________ to make their weapons stronger.

Answer 21

North

Iron

Question 22

An Assyrian ruler named ___________ made the city if Ninevak his capital.

Answer 22

Ashurbanipal

Question 23

After he dies, ________________ became king of Babylon.

Answer 23

Nebuchadnezzar II

Question 24

The Assyrians controlled their large empire by maintaining many ______________.

Answer 24

Provinces

Question 25

Cyrus the Great was a Persian ruler after Nebuchadnezzar. He allowed the ______________ to live in Jerusalem while Nebuchadnezzar banished them.

Answer 25

Jewish people

Question 26

Babylon's thick walls and strong gates were not able to keep out new conquerors. Within a few decades, the _____________ became the largest the world had ever seen.

Answer 26

Persian Empire

Question 27

______________ ruled Persia after Cambysea. Persia was defeated by the Greeks at the ____________.

Answer 27

Darius the Great Battle of Marathon

Question 28

The Persians brought many changes. Name 5

Answer 28

1. Created a political structure that gave local people some control over their own government. 2. Created a common currency 3. Created a fairer system in which each province paid according to its wealth 4. Built road across the empire - 1,500 mile long Great Royal Road. 5. Set up postal stations along the Great Royal Road - fastest communication system of the time

Question 29

Mesopotamia relief sculpture is often found on a standing, carved stone slab or pillar called a _______.

Answer 29

Stele

Question 30

Near the Mediterranean Sea the _______________ civilization began.

Answer 30

Phoenician

Question 31

The Phoenicians were ______________ and depended on the _______________ to guide their sailors more accurately.

Answer 31

Fearless sailors (ocean traders) Navigation

Question 32

The Phoenicians depended on their ___________ for the natural resources not found in the homeland.

Answer 32

Traders

Question 33

Phoenicians depended on __________, a good or service produced in another country, to supply their needs.

Answer 33

Imports

Question 34

The Phoenicians developed an alphabet based on ________. This is the alphabet we use today.

Answer 34

22 symbols each of which stood for a consonant sound.

Question 35

The spread of the Phoenicians alphabet to Greece and eventually Rome is an example of ____________.

Answer 35

Cultural diffusion