8. Precision medicine Flashcards
What is Precision Medicine?
Precision Medicine is an approach for disease treatment and prevention that considers individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle.
How does Precision Medicine differ from traditional medicine?
Unlike traditional medicine’s one-size-fits-all approach, Precision Medicine tailors treatment and prevention strategies to individual characteristics.
What technologies enable Precision Medicine?
Genomics, proteomics, and big data analytics are key technologies that drive Precision Medicine.
What role does genetic information play in Precision Medicine?
Genetic information helps in understanding individual disease risks and tailoring treatments based on genetic profiles.
How does Precision Medicine improve patient care?
It enhances treatment efficacy and reduces side effects by targeting therapies to individual needs.
What is the impact of Precision Medicine on drug development?
It leads to the development of more effective, personalized drugs and therapies.
How does Precision Medicine interact with public health?
: It has the potential to improve population health by targeting interventions to specific groups at risk.
What are some challenges of implementing Precision Medicine?
Challenges include ethical concerns, data management, cost, and ensuring equitable access to treatments.
How does Precision Medicine influence clinical trials?
It shifts the focus towards smaller, more targeted trials based on genetic or molecular markers.
What future developments are expected in Precision Medicine?
Ongoing advancements in genomics and biotechnology are expected to further enhance the capabilities and applications of Precision Medicine.
Translational Medicine and Learning Health System:
Translational Medicine bridges the gap between basic scientific research and clinical practice, facilitating the application of research findings to patient care.
The Learning Health System concept involves continuous learning from every patient-care experience, utilizing data and analytics to inform and improve healthcare processes and outcomes.
Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and Guidelines:
EBM integrates clinical expertise with the best available clinical evidence from systematic research for patient care.
Clinical guidelines developed from EBM principles help translate the best evidence into clinical practice, aiming to standardize care and improve outcomes.
Clinical Studies: Observational vs. Interventional:
Observational studies observe outcomes without intervention, whereas interventional studies (clinical trials) actively intervene and observe the effects.
Clinical trials are often divided into four phases, each with specific goals like safety assessment, efficacy evaluation, and post-marketing surveillance.
IT in Clinical Trials: CTMS, CDMS, Regulations:
Clinical Trial Management Systems (CTMS) and Clinical Data Management Systems (CDMS) support the management and data handling of clinical trials.
These systems must adhere to regulations like Good Clinical Practice (GCP) and specific requirements for data handling and patient privacy.
Personalized Medicine / Precision Medicine:
This approach tailors medical treatment to individual patient characteristics, considering genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.
The purpose is to improve treatment efficacy and reduce side effects by using targeted therapies based on individual patient profiles.
