muscles that move the scapula
muscles of the shoulder girdle
muscles anterior of scapula (SPS)
Subclavius, Pectoralis Minor, Serratus Anterior
Subclavius OIA
O: 1st rib;
I: clavicle;
A: depresses clavicle, stabilizes shoulder girdle
Pectoralis Minor OIA
O: ribs 3-5;
I: coracoid process of scapula;
A: depression, downward rotation, protraction
assists in drawing the shoulder forward and downward, also to stabilize the shoulder girdle
pec minor
Serratus Anterior OIA
O: ribs 1-9;
I: anterior vertebral border of SCAPULA;
A: protraction, upward rotation
known as the “boxer’s muscle” because it helps with horizontal arm movement like punching and pushing during horizontal adduction
serratus anterior
Levator Scapulae OIA
O: C1-C4;
I: vertebral border of SCAPULA;
A: elevation, assists in retraction and downward rotation
Rhomboids (Major and Minor) OIA
O: C7-T5;
I: vertebral border of SCAPULA;
A: retraction, downward rotation, elevation
Trapezius OIA
O: occipital protuberance to C7-T12;
I: lateral 1/3 of CLAVICLE, acromion process of SCAPULA, spine of SCAPULA;
A: elevation/depression, retraction, upward rotation
action of Trap 1 (superior part)
elevation
action of Trap 2 & 3 (middle part)
retraction
action of Trap 4 (inferior part)
depression and upward rotation
muscles posterior of scapula (LRT)
Levator Scapulae, Rhomboids, Trapezius
Which muscles perform scapula elevation
levator scapulae and trapezius
which muscles perform scapula depression
trapezius and pec minor
which muscles perform scapula retraction
trapezius and rhomboids
which muscles perform scapula protraction
serratus anterior and pec minor
which muscles perform scapula upward rotation
trapezius and serratus anterior
which muscles perform scapula downward rotation
pec minor and rhomboids
what type of joint is the shoulder
triaxial
superior shoulder joint muscles
deltoid and supraspinatus
Anterior Deltoid OIA
O: lateral 1/3 CLAVICLE;
I: deltoid tuberosity;
A: flexion, internal rotation, horizontal adduction
Middle Deltoid OIA
O: acromion process;
I: deltoid tuberosity;
A: abduction
Posterior Deltoid OIA
O: spine of scapula;
I: deltoid tuberosity;
A: extension (hyper), external rotation, horizontal abduction
superficial muscle that is a common site for injections
deltoid
Supraspinatus OIA
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula;
I: greater tuberosity of humerus;
A: adduction, stabilization
very deep muscle. when torn, pain is deep in the shoulder and gets worse as you try to abduct your arm. considered primary initiator of abduction until 30 deg
supraspinatus
anterior shoulder joint muscles
coracobrachialis, pectoralis major, subscapularis
Coracobrachialis OIA
O: coracoid process of scapula;
I: anteromedial surface of humerus;
A: flexion, adduction
Pectoralis Major OIA
O: clavicle, sternum;
I: lateral lip of intertubercular groove;
A: adduction, internal rotation, flexion, horizontal adduction
Subscapularis OIA
O: subscapular fossa of scapula;
I: lesser tuberosity of humerus;
A: internal rotation, stabilization
posterior shoulder joint muscles
teres major, teres minor, latissimus dorsi, infraspinatus
Teres Major OIA
O: posterior lower 1/3 of axillary border of scapula;
I: medial lip of intertubercular groove;
A: internal rotation, adduction, extension (hyper)
Latissimus Dorsi OIA
O: T7-L5, iliac crest;
I: intertubercular groove;
A: adduction, internal rotation, extension (hyper)
known as the “swimmer’s muscle” because it is important in shoulder extension during the power stroke
latissimus dorsi
Infraspinatus OIA
O: infraspinous fossa of scapula;
I: greater tuberosity;
A: external rotation, horizontal abduction, stabilization
Teres Minor OIA
O: upper 2/3 of axillary border of scapula;
I: greater tuberosity;
A: external rotation, stabilization
located more lateral and inferior to the infraspinatus
teres minor
Rotator Cuff Muscles (SITS)
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis
where do all rotator cuff muscles insert
humerus
rotator cuff muscles generate force needed by contracting _________ to throw something, and apply braking action through ________ contraction
concentrically, eccentric
Biceps Brachii OIA
O: (long head)-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula, (short head)-coracoid process;
I: radial tuberosity;
Action: elbow and shoulder flexion, supination
biarticular elbow muscles
biceps brachii and triceps brachii
Triceps Brachii OIA
O: (long head)- infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, (lateral head)- upper lateral-posterior 1/2 of humerus, (medial head)- lower 2/3 of medial posterior humerus;
I:olecranon process;
A: elbow and shoulder extension