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Flashcards in 9 Atmosphere Deck (34)
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1
Q

What is the approximate proportion of nitrogen in Earth’s current atmopshere?

A

80%

2
Q

What is the approximate proportion of oxygen in Earth’s current atmopshere?

A

20%

3
Q

There are small proportions of water vapour, noble gases and which other gas in Earth’s current atmosphere?

A

carbon dioxide

4
Q

When Earth was formed it’s atmosphere was similar to which planets?

A

Venus and Mars

5
Q

Earth’s early atmosphere was similar to Venus and Mars, what do their atmosphere’s consist of?

A

Carbon dioxide with little or no oxygen

6
Q

What produced the gases present in Earth’s early atmosphere?

A

Volcanoes

7
Q

Which gases were present in Earth’s early atmosphere?

A

Carbon dioxide water vapour and nitrogen with small amounts of methane and ammonia

8
Q

Why have theories about Earth’s early atmosphere developed and changed over time?

A

Evidence is limited

9
Q

By what process do algae and plants produce oxygen?

A

Photosynthesis

10
Q

Write the word equation to represent photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide + water gives oxygen + glucose

11
Q

How did the world’s oceans form?

A

The Earth’s temperature cooled, causing water vapour in the air to condense

12
Q

How did the oceans reduce atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide in Earth’s early atmosphere?

A

Carbon dioxide dissolved in the oceans

13
Q

How did algae and plants reduce levels of carbon dioxide in Earth’s early atmosphere?

A

By photosynthesising

14
Q

What was formed when shells of organisms made using dissolved carbon dioxide, fell to the bottom of the ocean and were covered and compressed

A

Sedimentary rock

15
Q

What was formed when plants that grew millions of years ago, died and were trapped and compressed under rocks

A

Coal

16
Q

What was formed when plankton that lived in the ocean millions of years ago, died and were trapped and compressed under rocks

A

Crude Oil and Natural Gas

17
Q

Name three greenhouse gases

A

Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide and Methane

18
Q

Describe the wavelength of radiation that comes from the sun

A

Short Wave

19
Q

Describe the wavelength of radiation that is reflected back off the Earth

A

Long Wave

20
Q

What happens to the long wave radiation that is reflected from the Earth in the atmosphere?

A

It is absorbed by the greenhouse gases

21
Q

What is the name given to the process that warms of the surface of the Earth

A

The greenhouse effect

22
Q

What human activities increase carbon dioxide levels?

A

Deforestation and burning fossil fuels

23
Q

What human activities increase methane levels?

A

Farming animals and landfill

24
Q

What is the name given to the increasing average temperature of the Earth?

A

Climate Change

25
Q

Name an effect of climate change

A

Increased flooding, changes in rainfall patterns, frequency of storms, amount of water in a habitat etc…

26
Q

What is the name given to the total amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted over the full lifecycle of a product, service or event

A

Carbon footprint

27
Q

What is produced from the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel?

A

carbon dioxide and water

28
Q

Which products could be produced from the imcomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel

A

carbon dioxide, water, carbon monoxide, carbon particulates

29
Q

Which gas is produced when fuels are burned and contain the impurity sulfur?

A

sulfur dioxide

30
Q

Which gases are produced when nitrogen and oxygen react in the very high temperatures of a car engine?

A

oxides of nitrogen

31
Q

What are the effects of carbon monoxide?

A

a toxic gas

32
Q

What are the effects of sulfur dioxide?

A

causes respiratory problems and acid rain

33
Q

What are the effects of the oxides of nitrogen?

A

causes respiratory problems and acid rain

34
Q

What are the effects of particulates of fuels

A

cause global dimming and health problems for humans