_A2_1 Flashcards
Stereoisomers
A species with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of atoms in space
C=C double bond
Cis/Z trans/E
Chiral carbon
A carbon atom attached to four different atoms or groups of atoms
Delocalised electrons
Electrons that are shared between more than 2 atoms
Addition reaction (describe reaction)
A reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule
Substitution reaction
An atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms
Electrophile
An atom (or group of atoms) that is attracted to an electron rich centre (a high electron density) , where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
Electrophilic substitution
An electrophile is attracted to an electron rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
Optical ismoers ~ Enantiomers
Stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other
Reaction mechanism
A series of steps that, together, make up the overall reaction
Curly arrow
A symbol used in reaction mechanisms to show the movement of an electron pair in the breaking or formation of covalent bonds
Functional group
The part of an organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions
Electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract a pair of electrons
IN a COVALENT BOND
added - CHECK - in past paper f321
Stem (carbonyl compounds)
The longest carbon chain present in an organic molecule
Suffix
The part of the name added after the stem
Redox
A reaction when both Reduction and Oxidation takes place