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AANP EXAM > AANP EXAM NOTES 8 > Flashcards

AANP EXAM NOTES 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Acne Vulgaris is AKA

A

COMMON ACNE

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2
Q

MILD ACNE VULGARIS IS TREATED ONLY WITH

A

TOPICALS

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3
Q

High androgen levels, bacterial infection, follicular
hyperproliferation, & genetic influences contribute to what skin condition?

A

Acne

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4
Q

What medication is 1st line TX for mild acne?

A

Tretinoin topical (Retin A) 0.25% cream or benzoyl peroxide gel (AAFP)

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5
Q

What term describes a clogged hair follicle in the skin.

A

Comedo

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6
Q

What is 1st line tx for comedones

A

Topical Retinoids (Retinol, Tretinoin)

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7
Q

Your PT has comedones which have not improved with topical cream or gel. What is the next step?

A

Oral Antibiotics (Tetracycline, minocycline, doxy, erythromycin)

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8
Q

What CONDX includes acne vulgaris symptoms plus painful indurated nodules, cysts, abscesses, & pustules over face, shoulders, & chest?

A

Severe cystic acne

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9
Q

What is TX for Severe cystic acne

A

Isotretinoin (Accutane)

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10
Q

Isotretinoin (Accutane) is presecribed for severe cases of cystic acne. This prescription is only available through what program?

A

iPledge

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11
Q

PT presents with discolored patches on the chest neck, arms and back. What lab would you order?

A

KOH

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12
Q

PT presents with discolored patches on the chest neck, arms and back. KOH slide shows hyphae and spores. What is your DX?

A

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR

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13
Q

WHAT CONDX IS CAUSED BY MITE INFESTATION?

A

SCABIES

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14
Q

A PT WITH SCABIES MAY BE ASYMPTOMATIC FOR HOW LONG AFTER INFESTATION?

A

4-8 WEEKS

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15
Q

IS SCABIES CONDITION TYPICALLY WORSE DURING DAY OR NIGHT?

A

NIGHT

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16
Q

PRURITIS MAY PERSIST FOR HOW LONG IN SCABIES PT?

A

2-4 WEEKS

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17
Q

PERMETHRIN 5% (AKA ELIMITE) IS APPLIED TO A SCABIES PT WHEN?

A

AFTER BATHING OR SHOWER

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18
Q

A Black Box Warning exists for Lindane lotion 1% (Kwell). Why should this medication be avoided for the TX of scabies?

A

Severe neurologic toxicity

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19
Q

What is gold standard test for Varicella Zoster Virus Infection?

A

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

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20
Q

PCR TEST INDICATES PT IS INFECTED WITH VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS. YOU TREATED PT WITH ACYCLOVIR BUT PHN PROPHYLAXIS HAS EMERGED. WHAT IS NEXT STEP?

A

TX WITH TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS (TCA) SUCH AS AMITRIPTYLINE (ELAVIL)

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21
Q

What is the preferred ABT for human, dog, cat bite?

A

Augmentin

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22
Q

PT reports dog bite. Who must you notify?

A

Animal Control

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23
Q

What medication would you RX for a dog bite?

A

Amoxicillin clavulante (Augmentin) 875 mg/125 mg po BID x 10 days.

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24
Q

A dog/cat bite wound should be sutured. T/F

A

FALSE. NEVER SUTURE DOG/CAT BIT WOUND D/T HIGH RISK OF INFECTION.

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25
Q

PT REPORTS CAT BITE. TETANUS PROPHYLAXIS BOOSTER SHOULD BE GIVEN IF THE LAST BOOSTER WAS GIVEN MORE THAN … YEARS AGO.

A

5 YEARS

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26
Q

PT REPORTS CAT BITE. WHAT DETERMINES IF A TDAP PROPHYLAXIS BOOSTER SHOULD BE GIVEN?

A

TDAP BOOSTER IS GIVEN IF PT IS > 7 YEARS OR HAS NEVER HAD TDAP

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27
Q

IF A PT IS BITTEN BY A DOMESTIC ANIMAL THAT IS SUSPECTED OF HAVING RABIES, HOW LONG MUST THE ANIMAL BE QUARANTINED?

A

10 DAYS

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28
Q

IF A PT IS BITTEN BY A DOMESTIC ANIMAL THAT IS SUSPECTED OF HAVING RABIES, WHAT 2 VACCINES MAY BE REQUIRED?

A

RABIES IMMUNE GLOBULIN
RABIES VACCINE

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29
Q

WHO WOULD YOU CALL FOR ADVICE REGARDING A POTENTIAL RABIES CASE?

A

LOCAL HEALTH DEPT

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30
Q

PT IN OFFICE WITH TICK BITE. P/E REVEALS TICK EMBEDDED IN PT’S SKIN. HOW DO YOU REMOVE TICK?

A

REMOVE TICK BY PULLING IT OUT WITH TWEEZERS, THEN WASH WITH SOAP & WATER

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31
Q

TICKS SHOULD BE REMOVED FROM PT WITH NAIL POLISH, PETROLEUM JELLY OR HEAT. T/F

A

FALSE. FALSE. FALSE!

32
Q

WHAT IS THE DIAGNOSTIC TEST FOR LYME DISEASE?

A

ELISA

33
Q

10 YO FEMALE PT IN OFFICE WITH TICK BITE. YOU REMOVE TICK FROM SKIN. WHAT IS NEXT TX STEP?

A

RX DOXYCYCLINE

34
Q

WHAT IS THE “DIRTIEST” BITE OF ALL

A

HUMAN BITE

35
Q

SHOULD A LACERATION CAUSED BY A HUMAN BITE BE SUTURED?

A

ABSOLUTELY NOT. DOING SO IS NEGLIGENCE

36
Q

Anthrax is an infection caused by Bacillus anthracis. What 3 diagnostic tests should be ordered?

A

Tissue biopsy with gram stain, culture, & immunohistochemical stain

37
Q

What medication is used to TX anthrax?

A

Doxycycline BID, Ciprofloxacin BID

38
Q
A
39
Q

Diabetic PT in office with c/o frequent urination while taking lithium. What may be underlying cause?

A

, insipidus may be an underlying cause

40
Q

Name 3 risk factors for TYPE 2 DM

A
  1. BMI of 25 (31) or >,
  2. Sedentary lifestyle,
  3. Sibling with Type 2 DM
  4. h/o gestational diabetes
41
Q

What is fasting glucose level for prediabetes?

A

100-125

42
Q

What is fasting glucose level for normal non diabetic?

A

< 100

43
Q

What is NON -FASTING glucose level for normal non-diabetic?

A

<125

44
Q

What is normal Random glucose

A

<200

45
Q

What is normal A1C goal for older adults with multiple comorbidities

A

<8

46
Q

A PT returns to office for lab review. Fasting glucose is above 126. What is next step?

A

Perform Hgb A1c test

47
Q

As Hgb A1C decreases, triglycerides increase/decrease?

A

decrease

48
Q

A PT tests positive for Anthrax. Who must be notified?

A

CDC

49
Q

A microscopic skin lesion presenting with hyphae suggests what type of infection?

A

fungal

50
Q

A PT has elevated urinary albumin to creatinine ratio. What should you do?

A

Repeat test in 3-6 months

51
Q

What is normal Urinary albumin to Creatinine ratio?

A

NORMAL UACR is 30MG/gm

52
Q

What is first line TX for DM2 in addition to diet/exercise?

A

Metformin

53
Q

If max dose of Metformin does not improve DM2 PT CONDX, WHAT CAN BE ADDED?

A

SULFONYLUREA (GLUCOTROL xl 20 MG/DAY

54
Q

Metformin is contraindicated in what type of dz?

A

Renal dz, Hepatic dz,

55
Q

Metformin is contraindicated n alcoholics. T/F

A

TRUE

56
Q

During hypoxia, hypoperfusion, renal insufficiency, THERE IS AN INCREASED RISK OF …

A

LACTIC ACIDOSIS

57
Q

If DM PT complains of profound diarrhea, what should you do?

A

Stop the metformin until the diarrhea stops, then restart it once daily. Evaluate response in 2 weeks.

58
Q

Name at least 3 labs that can help you carefully monitor a PTs renal dysfunction

A

Serum creatinine, eGFR, LFTs, ALT/ AST, UA.

59
Q

Does metformin need to be held if PT is undergoing IV contrast dye test? If so, for how long?

A

Hold metformin on day of procedure and 48 hours after.

60
Q

What must be normalized before metformin can be restarted in a PT who has had IV contrast dye testing?

A

baseline creatine must be normalized

61
Q

Pioglitazone (ACTOS) and Rosiglitazone (Avandia) are what type of drug?

A

Thiazolidinediones

62
Q

Pioglitazone (ACTOS) and Rosiglitazone (Avandia) are to be taken with which meals?

A

1 daily with meal at breakfast

63
Q

Pioglitazone (ACTOS) and Rosiglitazone (Avandia) have a black box warning for pats with what kind of Dz?

A

Heart Dz class 3 or 4, CHF

64
Q

Do Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors typically cause PTs to gain/lose weight?

A

NEIGHTER. They are Weight Gain neutral.

65
Q

Glucagon is like peptide 1 because it is a receptor agonist/antagonist?

A

Agonist

66
Q

Name 2 Glucagon medications

A

Exenatide (Byetta)
Liraglutide (Victoza)

67
Q

Name 1 SGLT 2 inhibitor

A

Empagliflozin (Jardiance)

68
Q

Do insulins cause weight gain or loss?

A

Gain

69
Q

Regular human insulin is short/long acting

A

short

70
Q

Regular human insulin lasts how long?

A

meal to meal

71
Q

Human NPH is long/short/intermediate

A

Intermediate NPH

72
Q

Intermediate NPH lasts how long?

A

breakfast to dinner

73
Q

What is a premixed insulin that typically lasts about 24 hours

A

humulin

74
Q

As T4 falls, TSH rises/falls?

A

Rises

75
Q

Treat PT if TSH decreases to what level?

A

10 mU/L

76
Q

What is the most common form of hyperthyroidism in US?

A

GRAVES DZ

AANP EXAM (8 decks)

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