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COMPS > Abnormal Psychology > Flashcards

Abnormal Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

a disorder marked by persistent & excessive feelings of anxiety & worry about numerous events & activities

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

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2
Q

a persistent & unreasonable fear of a particular object, activity, or situation

A

phobia

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3
Q

Anxiety Disorder

Recurrent & unpredictable panic attacks (short bouts of panic that occur suddenly, reach peach w/in 10 min, gradually pass). feel like you are losing control/dying/going crazy.

Cause:
1) cognitive - misinterpret what is going on in their body
2) biological - norepinephrine abnormality

A

panic disorder

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4
Q

recurrent & unwanted thoughts, a need to perform repetitive & rigid actions, or both

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (ODC)

obsessive = persistent thought, idea, impulse, image that is experienced repeatedly, feel intrusive, & causes anxiety

compulsion = a repetitive & rigid behavior or mental act that a person feels driven to perform in order to prevent/reduce anxiety

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5
Q

an event that creates a sense of threat by confronting a person w/ a demand or opportunity for change

A

Stress

3 types:
1) normal
2) eustress - exciting, challenging, adventurous
3) dis-stress - negative, disease

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6
Q

depression w/out a history of mania

A

unipolar depression

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7
Q

a disorder marked by alternating or intermixed periods of mania & depression

A

bipolar depression

treatment = lithium

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8
Q

excessive & extended feelings of anxiety, depressed mood, antisocial behaviors

somewhere b/w effective coping strategies & PTSD is the syndrome of ____.

A

adjustment disorder w/ depression (or anxiety)

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9
Q

an illness w/ no identifiable physical cause, in w/c the patient is believed to be intentionally producing or faking symptoms in order to assume a sick role

A

Factitious Disorder

Munchausen’s Syndrom/Proxy

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10
Q

when a physical illness or impairment has no apparent medical cause, in w/c there is a patten of physical complaints that is explained largely by psychosocial causes

these ppl don’t consciously want/purposely induce their symptoms

these ppl believe they are ill

A

somatoform disorder

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11
Q

illnesses that result from an interaction of psychosocial & organic factors

brings about actual physical damage

A

psychophysiological disorders

aka: psychosomatic disorder

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12
Q

a disorder marked by the pursuit of extreme thinness & by extreme loss of weight

1) restricting (food intake)
2) binge-eating/purging (eating binges but still lose excessive weight by force)

A

anorexia nervosa

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13
Q

a disorder marked by frequent eating binges that are followed by forced vomiting or other extreme compensatory behaviors

maintains body weight w/in normal range

A

bulimia nervosa

aka: binge-purge syndrome

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14
Q

a pattern of maladaptive behavior centered around the misuse (temp. changes in behavior, emotion, or thoughts as a result of substance/drug), abuse (chronic/excessive) ,or dependence (involves physical dependence on drug, increases tolerance, w/drawl symptoms) on certain substances

A

substance related disorders

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15
Q

a substance that slows the activity of the CNS & in sufficient dosages causes a reduction of tension & inhibitions

(alcohol, sedative-hypnotic drugs, opiods)

A

depressants

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16
Q

a substance that increases the activity of the CNS

(cocaine + amphetamines, caffine)

A

stimulants

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17
Q

substances that primarily cause powerful changes in sensory perception, including strengthening a person’s perceptions, & producing illusions & hallucinations

(LSD, marijuana)

A

hallucinogens

aka: psychedelic drugs

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18
Q

a cognitive-behavioral approach to treating alcohol abuse that is similar to BSCT but also has ppl plan ahead for risky situations & rxns

A

relapse prevention

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19
Q

a cognitive-behavioral approach to treating alcohol abuse & dependence in w/c ppl are taught to:

1) keep track of/monitor their drinking behavior
2) apply coping strategies to situations that typically trigger excessive drinking
3) set appropriate limits
4) control rate of drinking
5) apply relaxation responses + coping behaviors

A

behavioral controlling training (BSCT)

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20
Q

lack of interest in sex

A

hypoactive sexual desire disorder

(desire disorder)

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21
Q

revulsion & avoidance of genital sexual interplay

A

sexual aversion disorder

(desire disorder)

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22
Q

inability to maintain lubrications/genital swelling during sex

A

female sexual arousal disorder

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23
Q

inability to maintain erection

A

male sexual arousal disorder

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24
Q

ejaculation b/4, on, or shortly after penetration & before he wishes it

A

premature ejaculation

(orgasmic disorder)

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25
Q

absence or long delay in reaching orgasm following normal sexual excitement phase

A

female/male orgasmic disorder

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26
Q

involuntary contractions of vaginal muscles preventing intercouse

A

vaginismus

(sexual pain disorder)

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27
Q

severe genital pain during sex

A

dyspareunia

(sexual pain disorder)

28
Q

disorder marked by a persistent inability to fxn normally in some area of the human sexual response cycle

A

sexual dysfunction

29
Q

recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving either nonhuman objects, children, non-consenting adults, or experiences of suffering/humiliation

A

paraphillias

30
Q

recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies involve use of non-living object

A

fetishism

31
Q

repeated, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors that involve dressing in clothes of the opposite sex

A

transvestic fetishism

(transvestism, cross-dressing)

32
Q

exposing self in sexual manner

A

exhibitionism

33
Q

repeated, intense sexual desires/urges to secretly observe unsuspecting ppl as they undress or have sex

A

voyeurism

34
Q

repeated, intense sexual desires/urges, fantasies, behaviors that involve touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person

A

frotteurism

35
Q

intense sexual fantasies about watching, touching, or engaging in sex w/ prepubescent children

A

pedophillia

36
Q

repeated, intense sexual urges that invovle being humilitaed, beaten, bound, or made to suffer

A

sexual masochism

37
Q

repeated, intense sexual urges that involve inflicting suffering on others

A

sexual sadism

38
Q

persistent feelings of being uncomfortable about assigned sex

strong wishes to be member of opposite sex

sometimes undergoes sex-change operation

males 2x more than females

A

gender-identity disorder (transexualism)

39
Q

a psychotic disorder in w/c personal, social, & occupational fxning deteriorate as a result of strange perceptions, disturbed thought, processes, unusual emotions, & motor abnormalities

ill for at least 6 mo. w/ at least 2 symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, & (-) symptoms

A

schizophrenia

40
Q

schizophrenia w/…

persecutory delusions + auditory hallucinations, no (-) symptoms, disorganized speech or catatonic behavior

A

paranoid type

41
Q

schizophrenia w/…

delusions + hallucinations are less prominent than (-) symptoms + disorganized speech + behavior

A

disorganized type

42
Q

schizophrenia w/…

the cardinal symptoms of this subtype are excessively retarded or excited activity + bizarre behavior

A

catatonic type

43
Q

these patients will have some or all of the 5 basic types of psychotic symptoms, but none dominate clinical picture

A

undifferentiated type

44
Q

after an acute psychosis has marked improved, these patients still seem somewhat unusual, odd or peculiar

A

residual type

45
Q

significant alterations in memory not due to clear physical causes

A

dissociative disorders

46
Q

inability to recall important personal events + info

A

dissociative amnesia

47
Q

person travels to a new location + may assume a new identity, simultaneously forgetting their past

A

dissociative fugue

48
Q

person develops 2 or more distinct personalities

A

multiple personality disorder

aka = dissociative identity disorder

49
Q

a syndrome marked by severe problems in memory + at least 1 other cognitive fxn

age: older age groups

A

dementia

50
Q

most common, occurring after 65 yrs of agve

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

51
Q

caused by cerebrovascular accident, stroke that restricts blood flow

A

vascular dementia

aka = multi-infarct dementia

52
Q

neurological disease that affects the frontal & temporal lobes

A

Pick’s Disease

53
Q

cause by slow acting virus that may live in the body for years before the disease unfolds

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

54
Q

inherited; progressive problems in cognition, emotions, + movement

A

Huntington’s Disease

55
Q

slow, progressive neurological disease, marked by tremors & rigidity, that may also cause dementia

A

Parkinson’s Disease

56
Q

very rigid pattern of inner experience & outward behavior that differs from the expectations of one’s culture & leads to dysfxn

onset in adolescence or early adulthood

A

personality disorder

57
Q

pattern of extreme distrust + suspicion of others

A

paranoid (odd personality disorder)

58
Q

persistent avoidance of social relationships + shows little emotional expression

A

schizoid (odd personality disorder)

59
Q

interpersonal problems marked by extreme discomfort in close relationships, odd forms of thinking & perceiving + behavioral eccentricities

A

schizotypal (odd personality disorder)

60
Q

disorder marked by a general pattern of disregard for + violation of the rights of other

A

antisocial (dramatic personality disorder)

61
Q

disorder in w/c individual displays repeated instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, + mood, as well as extremely impulsive behavior

A

borderline (dramatic personality disorder)

62
Q

disorder in w/c individual displays a pattern of excessive emotionally + attention seeking

A

histrionic (dramatic personality disorder)

63
Q

disorder marked by a broad pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, + lack of empathy

A

narcissistic (dramatic personality disorder)

64
Q

disorder in w/c an individual is consistently uncomfortable + restrained in social situations, overwhelmed by feelings of inadequacy, + extremely sensitive to (-) evaluation

A

avoidant personality disorder

65
Q

pattern of clinging + obedience, fear of separation, + a persistent, excessive need to be taken care of

A

dependent personality disorder

66
Q

disorder in w/c person is so focused on orderliness, perfectionism, + control that they lose flexibility, openness, + efficiency

A

obsessive personality disorder

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