Accessory Digestive Organs Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Accessory Digestive Organs Deck (21)
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1
Q

Name the 2 sets of teeth that one develops by the age of 21. (2)

A
  1. Deciduous

2. Permanent

2
Q

How many teeth are in a full set of permanent teeth?

A

32

3
Q

How are teeth classified and what are the classifications called? (5)

A
  1. By shape and function
  2. Incisors
  3. Canines
  4. Premolars
  5. Molars
4
Q

How many pairs of salivary glands do we have?

A

3 pairs

5
Q

Name the 3 types of salivary glands. (3)

A
  1. Parotid glands
  2. Submandibular glands
  3. Sublingual glands
6
Q

Where do salivary glands empty their secretions?

A

Into the floor of the mouth through tiny duts

7
Q

What is saliva composed of? (2)

A
  1. Mucus

2. Serous fluids

8
Q

List 4 functions/features of saliva. (4)

A
  1. Clear serous portion contains an enzyme (salivary amylase) in a bicarbonate-rich (alkaline) juice that begins the process of starch digestion in the mouth
  2. Substances such as lysozymes and antibodies (IgA) that inhibit bacteria
  3. Saliva dissolves food chemicals so they can be tasted
  4. Mucus moistens and helps food bind together into a mass called a bolus
9
Q

What is special about the pancreas?

A

It is the only organ which produces enzymes that breaks down ALL categories of digestable foods

10
Q

What is the endocrine function of the pancreas?

A

Produce the hormones insulin and glucagon

11
Q

How is the chyme neutralized?

A

By the alkaline fluid (filled with enzymes) secreted into the duodenum by the pancreas

12
Q

What is the largest gland in the body?

A

The liver

13
Q

How many lobes does the liver have?

A

4 lobes

14
Q

Define: falcoform ligament

A

Delicate mesentery cord attached to the diaphragm and abdominal wall by which the liver is suspended from

15
Q

What does the liver produce in relation to the digestive system?

A

Bile

16
Q

Describe bile and list its components. (7)

A
  1. Yellow-green
  2. Watery
  3. Bile salts
  4. Bile pigments
  5. Cholesterol
  6. Phospholipids
  7. Electrolytes
17
Q

Which components of bile aid in digest? (2)

A
  1. Bile salts

2. Phospholipids

18
Q

How is bile concentrated?

A

By the removal of water

19
Q

What prods the gallbladder into releasing stored bile?

A

Hormonal stimulus when fatty foods move into the duodenum

20
Q

Where is bile created and where is it stored? (2)

A
  1. Created in the liver

2. Stored in the gallbladder

21
Q

What are gallstones formed by?

A

Crystalized cholesterol from when the bile is stored in the gallbladder for too long or if too much water is removed