Acids, Alkalis and Salts

Question 0

What colour does litmus hi in alkali?

Answer 0

Blue

Question 1

What colour does litmus go in acid?

Answer 1

Red

Question 2

What colour does phenophalein go in acid?

Answer 2

Colourless

Question 3

What colour does phenophalein go in alkali

Answer 3

Magenta pink

Question 4

What colour does methyl orange go in acid?

Answer 4

Red

Question 5

What colour does methyl orange go in alkali?

Answer 5

Yellow

Question 6

What is the definition of an acid?

Answer 6

A substance which is a source of hydrogen ions H+

Question 7

What is the definition if an alkali?

Answer 7

A substance which is a source of Hydroxide ions, OH-

Question 8

What are the three general reactions of acids?

Answer 8

Acid + metal = Salt + hydrogen
Acid + base = salt + water
Acid + metal carbonate = salt + water
+ carbon dioxide

Question 9

Give an example of a reaction of

Acid + metal = salt + hydrogen

Answer 9

Hydrochloric+magnesium=magnesium
Acid. Mg(s). Chloride
2HCl (aq). MgCl2(aq)

                               \+hydrogen H2(g)

Question 10

Give an example of

Acid+base=salt +water

Answer 10

Sulphuric+sodium=sodium+water
Acid Hydroxide sulphate. 2H2O(l)
H2SO4(aq) 2NaOH(aq) Na2SO4(aq)

Question 11

Give an example of
Acid+metal =salt+water+Carbon
carbonate. Dioxide

Answer 11

Nitric+calcium= calcium+water+carbon
Acid. Carbonate nitrate. Dioxide
2HNO3(aq)+CaCO3(s)=Ca(NO3)2(aq) +
H2O(l) + Co2(g)

Question 12

Why don’t sodium and potassium react with acids?

Answer 12

TOO VOILENT

Question 13

Why doesn’t copper (Cu) react with acid?

Answer 13

Bellow H (hydrogen) in the reactivity series.

Question 14

What is the salt produced by:

Hydrochloric Acid, HCl

Answer 14

Metal chloride

Question 15

What is the salt produced by:

Sulphuric Acid, H2SO4

Answer 15

Metal sulphate

Question 16

What is the salt produced by:

Nitric Acid, NHO3

Answer 16

Metal nitrate

Question 17

SALT IN WATER
•All sodium, potassium & ammonium salts
•All Nitrates
•All Chlorides
•All Sulphates
ARE ALL SOLUBLE IN WATER

Answer 17

EXCEPTIONS
•All chlorides……..except sliver chloride
•All Sulphates..except Barium sulphate &Calcium sulphate

Question 18

ALL COMMON CARBONATES ARE INSOLUBLE ….except which 3?

Answer 18

• Sodium Carbonate
• Potassium Carbonate
• Ammonium Carbonate

Question 19

PREPARATION OF SALT:
Name the 7 step method to form crystals of salt which is used for …
1.) Acid+Metal 2.) acid+insoluble base
3.) acid+insoluble carbonate

Answer 19

1. ) Add metal/Base/Carbonate to 25cm3 of Acid
2. ) warm and stir
3. ) until no solid remains
4. ) metal and carbonate- no bubbles
5. ) filter
6. ) evaporate solution to the point of crystallisation
7. ) leave to cool -CRYSTALS FORM

Question 20

State the 5 step method for PREPARATION OF INSOLUBLE SALTS. (Precipitation reactions)

Answer 20

1. ) 25cm3 of barium chloride solution in a beaker
2. ) add 25cm3 of sodium sulphate
3. ) PRECIPITATE OF BARIUM SULPHATE FORMS
4. ) filter solid off
5. ) leave to dry

Question 21

What is the equation for the precipitation reaction of preparation of insoluble salts?

Answer 21

Na2SO4+BaCl2(aq)=BaSO4(s)+.

2NaCl(aq)

Question 22

What do we use TITRATIONS for?

Answer 22

Preparation of salt from ACID+ALKALI

Question 23

What is the 7 step method for a TITRATION?

Answer 23

1. )pipettes 25cm3 of alkali into conical flask
2. ) Add 3 drops of indicator
3. ) add acid from burette 1cm3 at a time until indicator changes colour
4. ) record reading at start and end from burette
5. ) subtract to get volume of acid added
6. ) repeat experiment adding acid to within 1cm3
7. ) add drop wise until indicator first changes colour.