Acids & Bases Quiz - 1

Question 1

How do you name an acid with an anion ending in -ide?

Answer 1

Add “hydro-” to the beginning and change -ide to -ic, then add “acid” (e.g., HCl → hydrochloric acid)

Question 2

How do you name an acid with an anion ending in -ate?

Answer 2

Change -ate to -ic and add “acid” (e.g., HNO₃ → nitric acid)

Question 3

How do you name an acid with an anion ending in -ite?

Answer 3

Change -ite to -ous and add “acid” (e.g., HNO₂ → nitrous acid)

Question 4

What are 3 properties of acids?

Answer 4

Sour taste, react with metals, turn blue litmus red.

Question 5

What are 3 properties of bases?

Answer 5

Bitter taste, slippery feel, turn red litmus blue.

Question 6

What ion do acids produce in water?

Answer 6

H₃O⁺ (hydronium)

Question 7

What ion do bases produce in water?

Answer 7

OH⁻ (hydroxide)

Question 8

What is the Modified Arrhenius definition of an acid?

Answer 8

A substance that increases the [H₃O⁺] in aqueous solution.

Question 9

What is the Modified Arrhenius definition of a base?

Answer 9

A substance that increases the [OH⁻] in aqueous solution.

Question 10

Write the Modified Arrhenius equation for HCl in water.

Answer 10

HCl(aq) + H₂O(l) → H₃O⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)

Question 11

Write the Modified Arrhenius equation for NaOH in water.

Answer 11

NaOH(s) → Na⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq)

Question 12

What does “polyprotic” mean?

Answer 12

An acid that can donate more than one proton (H⁺).

Question 13

Give an example of a diprotic acid.

Answer 13

H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid)

Question 14

Give an example of a triprotic acid.

Answer 14

H₃PO₄ (phosphoric acid)

Question 15

How does completeness of the reaction change in successive steps of a polyprotic acid?

Answer 15

Each successive proton is removed less completely.

Question 16

What makes a base “strong”?

Answer 16

It fully dissociates in water to produce OH⁻ ions.

Question 17

Name three strong bases.

Answer 17

NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)₂

Question 18

Are all Group 1 and 2 hydroxides strong bases?

Answer 18

Most Group 1 are strong; Group 2 bases are strong if soluble.

Question 19

What is the difference between strength and concentration?

Answer 19

Strength = degree of dissociation; Concentration = amount of solute per volume.

Question 20

Can a weak acid be more concentrated than a strong acid?

Answer 20

Yes — strength and concentration are independent.

Question 21

Is a dilute strong acid still strong?

Answer 21

Yes — strength is about dissociation, not how much is present.

Question 22

Summarize the empirical evidence for strong and weak acids and bases.

Answer 22

Strong acids/bases conduct electricity better and react more completely than weak ones at the same concentration.

Question 23

Difference between strong and weak acids (Modified Arrhenius)?

Answer 23

Strong acids completely ionize; weak acids only partially ionize.

Question 24

Difference between strong and weak bases (Modified Arrhenius)?

Answer 24

Strong bases fully dissociate to release OH⁻; weak bases only partially react with water.

Question 25

What is a concentrated strong acid?

Answer 25

A large amount of a fully dissociating acid in a small volume of water.

Question 26

What is a dilute strong acid?

Answer 26

A small amount of a fully dissociating acid in a large volume of water.

Question 27

What is a concentrated weak acid?

Answer 27

A large amount of a partially dissociating acid in a small volume of water.

Question 28

What is a dilute weak acid?

Answer 28

A small amount of a partially dissociating acid in a large volume of water.

Question 29

Two acids with equal concentration have pH values of 2 and 6. Which is stronger and why?

Answer 29

The acid with pH 2 is stronger — it has a higher [H₃O⁺], indicating more complete dissociation.

Question 30

Name 3 tests to distinguish between acetic acid and hydrochloric acid.

Answer 30

1. Conductivity – HCl has higher conductivity 2. Reaction with metal (e.g., Mg) – HCl reacts faster 3. pH test – HCl has a lower pH