ADHD & Autism Pharm B&B

Question 1

name 3 stimulants used to treat ADHD + their brand names

Answer 1

1. Ritalin = methylphenidate
2. Adderall = amphetamine
3. Focalin = dexmethylphenidate

Question 2

how do stimulants treat ADHD? what are the side effects (4)?

Answer 2

prevent reuptake or increase release of synaptic dopamine and NE —> increased activity of dopamine/NE relieves the need to self-stimulate

AE: loss of appetite, weight loss, insomnia, abuse potential

Question 3

how does atomoxetine treat ADHD?

Answer 3

selective NE reuptake inhibitor

non-stimulant treatment for ADHD - less side effects + no direct effect on CNS dopamine (less abuse potential)

Question 4

what kind of drug is atomoxetine, and what is it used for?

Answer 4

selective NE reuptake inhibitor

non-stimulant treatment for ADHD - less side effects + no direct effect on CNS dopamine (less abuse potential)

Question 5

name 2 alpha2 agonists used to treat ADHD

Answer 5

1. clonidine
2. guanfacine

exert major effect on alpha2 receptors in prefrontal cortex —> increases prefrontal cortical activity, regulates attention and behavior

may cause sedation

Question 6

name 2 genetic disorders that are associated with autism

Answer 6

1. fragile X syndrome: X-linked trinucleotide repeat, long face + big ears + large testes
2. double Y males (XYY): tall + severe acne