Adrenergic Antagonists

Question 1

what are the non-selective alpha-receptor antagonistic drugs

Answer 1

phenoxybenzamine
phentolamine
tolazoline

Question 2

what are the selective alpha1-receptor antagonistic drugs

Answer 2

prazosin
terazosin
doxazosin
tamsulosin

Question 3

what are the selective alpha 2 receptor antagonistic drugs

Answer 3

yohimbine
atipamezole

Question 4

what are the non-selective B receptor antagonistic drugs

Answer 4

propranolol
timolol
carvedilol
sotalol

Question 5

what are the selective B receptor antagonistic drugs

Answer 5

metoprolol
atenolol
esmolol
acebutolol

Question 6

which B receptor antagonist drug can also be a alpha-1 receptor antagonist

Answer 6

carvedilol

Question 7

what are ways indirect adrenergic antagonists can impact the CNS

Answer 7

-synthesis of catecholamines
-storage and release of norepinephrine
-decreasing the central sympathetic outflow

Question 8

what indirectly acting adrenergic antagonist interferes with the synthesis of catecholamines

Answer 8

methyl dopa

Question 9

what indirectly acting adrenergic antagonist interferes with the storage of norepinephrine

Answer 9

resperpine

Question 10

what are the affects of resperine

Answer 10

long-acting tranquilizer

Question 11

what species is reserpine used in

Answer 11

horses

Question 12

how is reserpine administered

Answer 12

IM

Question 13

what indirectly acting adrenergic antagonist prevents the release of norepinephrine

Answer 13

guanethidine

Question 14

what indirectly acting adrenergic antagonist decreases the central sympathetic outflow

Answer 14

clonidine

Question 15

what type of drug is phenoxybenzamine

Answer 15

non-selective alpha-receptors antagonist

Question 16

what is the effect phenoxybenzamine has on the receptor

Answer 16

irreversible inhibition of alpha-receptors

Question 17

where does phenoxybenzamine act on receptors

Answer 17

presynaptic

Question 18

what is the mode of action phenoxybenzamine have on a nerve synapse

Answer 18

inhibits reuptake of released nor-epinephrine

Question 19

what are the pharmacological effects of phenoxybenzamine

Answer 19

prevents peripheral vasoconstriction (reflex tachycardia)
increased cardiac output

Question 20

how does phenoxybenzamine increase cardiac output

Answer 20

blocks a2 presynaptic receptors in the heart

Question 21

what drug can be used as a reversal drug from phenoxybenzamine

Answer 21

epinephrine

Question 22

how does an epinephrine reversal work against phenoxybenzamine effects

Answer 22

decrease HR because all alpha receptors are blocked
- there will be vasodilation of skeletal blood vessels (B2 mediated)

Question 23

why does the HR decrease when epinephrine is administered as a reversal drug for phenoxybenzamine

Answer 23

vasodilation of skeletal blood vessels lessens the pressure throughout the system as a whole

Question 24

what can phenoxybenzamine be used to treat

Answer 24

pheochromocytoma
benign prostatic obstruction management
detrusor areflexia

Question 25

why is phenoxybenzamine used in cases of pheochromocytoma

Answer 25

prevent hypertensive crisis

Question 26

if a cat or dog is straining to pee, what drug can be used to treat its condition

Answer 26

phenoxybenzamine

Question 27

what are the adverse effects of phenoxybenzamine

Answer 27

postural hypotension w/ reflex tachycardia & arrhythmias nasal congestion, nausea & vomiting inhibit ejaculation & aspermia

Question 28

True or False: phenoxybenzamine can have a toxic nature

Answer 28

true mutagenic nature can cause toxicity

Question 29

what type of drug is phentolamine

Answer 29

non-selective alpha antagonist

Question 30

what are the pharmacological actions of phentolamine

Answer 30

prevents peripheral vasoconstriction (reflex tachycardia) increased cardiac output poor GI absorption

Question 31

what is phentolamine used to treat

Answer 31

hypertension associated with pheochromocytoma relieve pseudo-obstruction of bowel prevent dermal necrosis on extravastion of a-agonist

Question 32

how does phentolamine act as a relief for pseudo-obstruction of bowel

Answer 32

decreased vasoconstriction / increased vasodilation = increased blood flow --> bowel movement

Question 33

what is the brand name of phentolamine used as an intraoral submucosal injection to reverse oral local anaesthetics

Answer 33

oraverse

Question 34

what are the adverse effects of phentolamine

Answer 34

postural hypotension reflex tachycardia arrhythmias, anginal pain diarrhea

Question 35

what type of drug is tolazoline

Answer 35

alpha antagonist

Question 36

what is tolazoline used for

Answer 36

reverse the effects of xylazine in large animals

Question 37

for what diagnostic test can you use tolazoline

Answer 37

arteriography -visualizing distal periphery vessels

Question 38

how can tolazoline be used in newborns

Answer 38

treat persistent pulmonary hypertension

Question 39

what are the adverse effects of tolazoline

Answer 39

cardia arrhythmias GI stimulation

Question 40

what type of drug is prazosin

Answer 40

alpha-1 antagonist

Question 41

what are the related prazosin drugs

Answer 41

terzosin doxazosin tamsulosin

Question 42

what does prazosin cause pharmacologically

Answer 42

vasodilation

Question 43

what are the effects of prazosin

Answer 43

decrease peripheral resistance (vasodilation) lowers blood pressure

Question 44

which prazosin related drug is more specific for urinary tract infections

Answer 44

tamsulosin

Question 45

what is occurs significantly less when using prazosin over other alpha antagonistic drugs to treat hypertension

Answer 45

reflex tachycardia

Question 46

what can prazosin be used to treat

Answer 46

hypertension benign prostate hypertrophy

Question 47

what type of drug is yohimbine

Answer 47

selective alpha-2 antagonist

Question 48

what is the function of yohimbine

Answer 48

blocks alpha-2 receptors impacting the release of norepinephrine at the synaptic cleft

Question 49

how should yohimbine be administered

Answer 49

IV injection

Question 50

what species should be administered yohimbine

Answer 50

large animals

Question 51

what is yohimbine used for

Answer 51

reversal of xylazine and detomidine

Question 52

what drug is the "same" as yohimbine but used in small animals

Answer 52

atipamezole

Question 53

what type of drug is atipamezole

Answer 53

alpha-2 antagonist

Question 54

what is the use of atipamezole

Answer 54

reversal agent for dexmedetomidine & medetomidine

Question 55

what species is atipamezole used in

Answer 55

small animals

Question 56

how should atipamezole be administered

Answer 56

IM

Question 57

what is the brand name for atipamezole

Answer 57

antisedan

Question 58

what are the therapeutic uses of alpha-1 blockers

Answer 58

pheochromocytoma hypertension benign prostate hypertrophy

Question 59

what are the therapeutic used of alpha-2 blockers

Answer 59

reversal agent for anaesthetic premedications

Question 60

what are the non-selective Beta blockers

Answer 60

propranolol timolol sotalol

Question 61

what are the adverse effects of propranolol

Answer 61

bronchoconstriction cardiac arrhythmias hypoglycemia

Question 62

what non-selective Beta blocker can be used to treat glaucoma

Answer 62

timolol

Question 63

what non-selective beta blocker can be used as an anti-arrhythmic drug

Answer 63

sotalol

Question 64

what is sotalol used to treat

Answer 64

ventricular tachycardia

Question 65

in what species is sotalol normally used

Answer 65

dogs

Question 66

what drugs are selective Beta-1 blockers

Answer 66

atenolol acebutolol metoprolol esmolol

Question 67

what are the uses of Beta-1 blockers

Answer 67

hypertension ischemic heart disease thyrotoxicosis pheochromocytoma