Flashcards in Adrenergics: Indirect Acting Adrenergic agonists Deck (34)
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1
release endogenous norepinephrine from nerve terminals
Indirect acting adrenergic antagonist
2
Indirect acting only :
only action is to release norepinephrine
3
What is my only indirect acting drug that's only action is to release Nepi?
Tyramine
4
Tyramine releases Nepi from ________ nerves and causes sympathomimetic actions
Sympathetic
5
Found at high levels in certain foods (fermented foods such as wines, beer, certain cheeses and sausages)
Tyramine
6
What enZ will metabolizes tyramine to inactive prodcuts?
monoamine oxidase
7
Why type of drug do we need to be careful of if a patient is eating foods like wine, beer, cheese and sausages
In patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors, ingestion of food with high
levels of tyramine(beer, sausage, wine) can cause hypertensive crisis
8
Type of indirect acting adrenergic drug class that will increase Nepi release and stimulate adrenergic receptors
Mixed acting
9
Two examples of mixed acting indirect acting adrenergics
Ephedrine and Amphetamine
10
Amphetamine is a powerful sytimulant of :
CNS
11
Amphetamine is a powerful CNS stimulant in addition to:
peripheral α and β receptor actions
12
Amphetamine is effective after oral administration – ______ t 1⁄2
long
13
This drug releases NE from adrenergic neurons but also a weak direct α and β agonist
Amphetamine
14
Besides releasing NE from adrenergic neurons, what weaker effect does amphetamine have?
weak direct alpha and beta agonist
15
What affect does amphetamine have on the NE transporter (NET)?
weakly blocks the norepinephrine transporter (NET)
16
What effect does amphetamine have on appetite?
- Depresses appetite
17
This drug therapy is used to treat narcolepsy, attention deficit disorder
Amphetamines
18
Ephedrine has____ asymmetric carbons creating ____isomers
two
4
19
4 isomers of ephedrine:
: d- and l- ephedrine and d- and l- pseudoephedrine
20
Ephedrine is effective:
Orally
21
Ephedrine works how and on which receptors?
direct agonist (α and β receptors) and releases NE that activates adrenergic receptors
22
What does ephedrine do to CNS?
CNS stimulation
23
some herbal preparations contain ephedrine (ma huang, ephedra), resultin in
inadvertent consumption of high doses of ephedrine
24
previously used to treat asthma, but has been replaced by β2 agonists -
Ephedrine
25
Pseudoephedrine
- direct _______activity with little ______activity
α1 agonist
β2 agonist
26
Major therapeutic use: nasal decongestant (due to α1 agonist effects)
pseudophedrine
27
used as a precursor to illegally synthesize methamphetamine
psedophedrine;
legislation in 2006 requires pharmacies to collect personal information from buyers and to limit its sale to a 30-day supply
28
Why is pseudophedrine a good drug therapy for nasal decongestant?
because of it's alpha 1 agonist effects
29
Side effects and toxicity of adrenergic agonists
1. Throbbing headache due to potent vasoconstriction – (receptor and action responsible
α agonists
30
Side effects and toxicity of adrenergic agonists
Increased heart rate (palpitations) (receptor and action responsible)
β agonists
31
Side effect and toxicity of adrenergic agonist:
Pericardial pain (angina) usually due to increased heart rate (receptor and action responsible)
β agonists
32
Side effect and toxicity of adrentergic agonist: Cardiac arrhythmias -(receptor and action responsible)
β agonists
33
Side effect and toxicity of adrenergic agonist: Cerebral hemorrhage – due to ↑ systemic blood pressure -(receptor and action responsible)
α agonists
34
