Adverbs, Negatives & Impersonal Verbs

Question 1

What are the rules for adverbs?

Answer 1

They qualify verbs, adjectives + other adverbs. They also comes just after the verb. Add -mente to FS adjective. Remove -mente when 2+ adverbs consecutively used + only added to last adverb. All further adjectives are in FS form.

Question 2

What are the adverbial forms of bueno + malo?

Answer 2

Bien + mal.

Question 3

What might you do with long adverbs?

Answer 3

Use adverbial phrase with con/sin + related noun. (e.g. Habló con tristeza) or with de un modo/de una manera (e.g. Habló de una manera triste)

Question 4

What are the comparatives of bien + mal?

Answer 4

Mejor + peor.

Question 5

How can you say:
The more…the more?
The less…the less?

Answer 5

Cuanto más…más.

Cuanto menos…menos.

Question 6

How do we make a verb negative?

Answer 6

No + verb.

Question 7

How might you say these negative expressions:

Nothing, nobody, never, no/not any/none, neither..nor, neither, never in my life, nowhere + no longer.

Answer 7

Nada, nadie, nunca/jamás, ninguno, ni..ni, tampoco, en mi vida, a/en ninguna parte + ya no.

Question 8

When negative expressions follow the verb, what happens?

Answer 8

The verb is preceded by no. (e.g. No vamos nunca al cine)

Question 9

When the negative precedes the verb/there is no verb, what happens?

Answer 9

No is not used. (e.g. Nunca vamos al cine)

Question 10

How is ninguno formed in a sentence?

How can this be made a stronger negative?

Answer 10

Negative of alguno + agrees with noun it refers to. Algún = MS.
Alguno after noun.

Question 11

What are the meanings of these:

Acabar de, al, para, es importante, tener que.

Answer 11

I have just, on …ing, in order to, it’s important to, i have to.

Question 12

How do impersonal verbs function?

Answer 12

Back to front. e.g. Gustar = It pleases me. Indirect object + impersonal verb. Only 3rd person singular + plural of impersonal verbs + verb agrees with noun that follows it.

Question 13

What are the indirect object pronouns?

Answer 13

Me, te, le, nos, os, les.

Question 14

How do you emphasise a sentence with impersonal verbs?

Answer 14

Add (a mí/ti/él/ella/person)

Question 15

Give examples of impersonal verbs.

Answer 15

Gustar, encantar, interesar, emocionar, entusiasmar, apetecer, quedar, faltar, sobrar, doler + hacer falta.

Question 16

What are imperatives used for?

Answer 16

Give instructions/commands.

Question 17

What are the 8 forms of imperatives?

Answer 17

Positive (informal + formal) + negative (informal + formal)

Question 18

How can you make an informal positive command in the tu form?
What about for the vosotros form?

Answer 18

Remove -s from present tense. e.g. baila!

Remove -r from infinitive + add -d. e.g. bailad!

Question 19

What are the irregulars for the informal positive form of tu in the present tense?

Answer 19

Decir (di), hacer (haz), ir (ve), poner (pon), salir (sal), ser (sé), tener (ten), venir (ven).

Question 20

How can you make a formal positive command in the usted form?
What about for the ustedes form?

Answer 20

Use usted form of present subjunctive e.g. baile!

Used ustedes form of present subjunctive e.g. bailen!

Question 21

How can you form a negative command?

What are the 3 different negative words?

Answer 21

Negative word + tu/vos/usted/ustedes form of subjunctive.

No, nunca, nadie.

Question 22

What are the main irregulars for negative commands?

Answer 22

Decir (diga), hacer (haga), poder (pueda), querer (quiera), tener (tenga). All above use ‘yo’ form of present tense to form subjunctive stem.
Haber (haya), ir (vaya), ser (sea)

Question 23

If you use an object pronoun after the imperative, what do you need?

Answer 23

Add accent to maintain existing stress pattern on verb.