Aircraft Systems Pt. 2

Question 1

This provides a spark that ignites the fuel-air mixture in the cylinders

Answer 1

Ignition System

Question 2

What is an ignition system made out of?

Answer 2

Magnetos, spark plugs, high-tension leads, and an ignition switch

Question 3

These are designed with two independent ignition systems.

Answer 3

Aircraft piston engines

Question 4

Aircraft piston engines are made up of _______________________ and a _______________________

Answer 4

two aircraft spark plugs per cylinder, left and right aircraft magneto

Question 5

This is an engine driven electrical generator that uses permanent magnets and coils to produce high voltage to fire the aircraft spark plugs.

Answer 5

Magnetos

Question 6

It generates sufficiently high voltage to jump a spark across the spark plug gap in each cylinder

Answer 6

Magnetos

Question 7

When does the magnetos start?

Answer 7

When the starter is engaged and the crankshaft begins to turn

Question 8

State the five positions in an ignition switch

Answer 8

• OFF
• R (Right)
• L (Left)
• BOTH
• START

Question 9

Checking if magnetos are working:

-Switch between “R” and “L” and observe a drop in RPM
-RPM drop should _______________________ on either magneto or ___________________ between magnetos

Answer 9

should not exceed 125 RPM, 50 RPM differential

Question 10

These are responsible for delivering electric current from the ignition system to the combustion chamber

Answer 10

Spark plugs

Question 11

This is used to ignite the fuel mixture

Answer 11

Current

Question 12

This is generated by the aircraft magneto and is conducted through the ignition harness to the spark plug, where it is used to ignite the fuel in the cylinders while containing combustion pressure within the engine

Answer 12

Electricity

Question 13

Spark plug failing results from the __________________ in aviation fuel?

Answer 13

Tetraethyl lead (TEL)

Question 14

The fouling arises when low engine operating temperature are coupled with _____________________. Doing this prevents the ______________________________.

Answer 14

running a rich mixture, complete vaporization of TEL

Question 15

This is designed to provide an uninterrupted flow of clean fuel from the fuel tanks to the engine.

Answer 15

Fuel System

Question 16

State the two common classifications apply to fuel systems in small aircraft

Answer 16

Gravity-feed and fuel-pump systems

Question 17

State the four fuel system components

Answer 17

• Fuel Primer
• Fuel Selectors
• Fuel Quantity Gauges
• Fuel Tanks

Question 18

This utilizes the force of gravity to transfer through fuel from the tanks to the engine

Answer 18

Gravity-Feed system

Question 19

The fuel tanks in the wings are located below the carburetor, thus requiring a pump

Answer 19

Fuel pump system

Question 20

State the fuel-pump system’s fuel pumps

Answer 20

• An engine-driven main fuel pump
• An electrically-driven auxiliary pump provided for use in engine starting and in the event the engine pump fails

Question 21

A hand-operated piston type. It is mounted in the instrument panel and extends through the firewall where fuel intake and delivery lines are attached to the fittings on the left

Answer 21

Fuel Primer

Question 22

This is used to draw fuel from the tanks to vaporize fuel directly into the cylinders prior to starting the engine

Answer 22

Fuel Primer

Question 23

This allows selection of fuel from various tanks

Answer 23

Fuel Selection

Question 24

State the four positions for a common type of selector

Answer 24

LEFT , RIGHT, BOTH, OFF

Question 25

This indicate the amount of fuel measured by a sensing unit in each fuel tank and is displayed in gallons or pounds

Answer 25

Fuel Quantity Gauges

Question 26

This is normally located inside the wings of an airplane, have a filler opening on top of the wing through which they can filled. A filler cap covers this opening.

Answer 26

Fuel Tanks

Question 27

This may stand alone or be co-located with the fuel-tank vent and it allows the fuel to expand with increases in temperature without damage to the tank itself

Answer 27

Overflow drain

Question 28

This is identified by an octane or performance (grade)

Answer 28

Aviation Gasoline (AVGAS)

Question 29

True or False. The higher the grade of gasoline, the less pressure the fuel can withstand without detonating.

Answer 29

False. More pressure.

Question 30

True or False. Lower grades of fuel are used in lower-compression engines because these fuels ignite at a lower temperature.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

True or False. Higher grades are used in higher-compression engines because these fuels ignite at higher temperature, but not prematurely

Answer 31

True

Question 32

How is the fuel for aircraft with turbine engines classified as?

Answer 32

JET A, JET A-1, and JET B

Question 33

What does LL stand for?

Answer 33

Low Lead

Question 34

How is AVGAS used for aircraft with reciprocating engine classified as?

Answer 34

AVGAS 80, 100, and 100LL

Question 35

State the fuel related problems

Answer 35

- Pre-ignition - Detonation - Vapor Lock - Fuel Contamination

Question 36

This occurs when the fuel-air mixture ignites prior to the engine’s normal ignition event

Answer 36

Pre - ignition

Question 37

The ignition source can be caused by a what? Either a cracked spark plug tip, carbon or lead deposits in the combustion chamber, or a burned exhaust valve, anything that can act as a glow plug to ignite the charge prematurely

Answer 37

Hot Spot

Question 38

This is an uncontrolled, explosive ignition of the fuel-air mixture within the cylinder’s combustion chamber

Answer 38

Detonation

Question 39

The fuel and air mixture "explodes" rather than burning smoothly. Because of this explosion, it exerts a much higher force on the piston and cylinder, leading to increased noise, vibration, and cylinder head temperatures.

Answer 39

Detonation

Question 40

State proper preflight practices

Answer 40

- Take fuel samples from the fuel sumps as directed by your POH and/or checklist - Carefully observe each fuel sample and check for clarity, foreign objects, and color. - Visually check the fuel level in the tanks and dont just rely on the fuel gauges - If you need to add fuel to one or more tanks before the flight, take additional samples of fuel from all sumps after the fuel is added