Allergy Flashcards
what is the clinical presentation is a type I hypersensitivity reaction? (4)
Urticaria - hives, wheals, nettle rash etc
Angioedema - localised swelling of subcutaneous tissue, non pitting and not itchy
Wheezing/asthma
Anaphylaxis - medical emergency
name the investigations carried out in a hypersensitivity reaction (6).
history specific IgE (RAST) skin prick or prick-prick challenge test serum mast cell tryptase level (during anaphylaxis)
when should a challenge test only be performed?
only if skin prick test is negative
what is the management of a hypersensitivity reaction? (7)
allergen avoidance anti-histamines corticosteroids EpiPen mast cell stabilisers - sodium cromoglycate immunotherapy
name the adrenaline doses for adults and children.
adults - 300µg
children - 150µg
name a disease that is not mediated by IgE
Coeliac’s
name drugs that cause direct cell degranulation
morphine
aspirin
NSAIDs
name a metabolic non allergic reaction
lactose intolerance
name a toxic non allergic reaction toxin
scombroid fish toxin
what is a type IV reaction mediated by?
T cells
such as in allergic contact dermatitis
how do we test patients with suspected ACD?
patch testing
name the type of dermatitis that is NOT immune mediated
irritant contact dermatitis
what is the most common allergen in the UK eliciting a reaction?
nickle
what is the treatment in a contact dermatitis?
allergen avoidance minimisation emollients topical steroids UV phototherapy immunosuppression
whats the difference between Luiseach Mathers and a brick?
bricks get laid
