Alternative energy !!!! Flashcards by Lukas Paske

to activate (sth.)
-> activation
The computer activates the turbine when wind speed reach 5m/s

etw. aktivieren
->aktivieren

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to alter
->alteration
We have to alter our way of producing energy

sich ändern, umgestalten
->(Ab-/Ver)änderung, Neuerung

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to alternate
→ alternation
→ an alternative
The grid uses alternating current (AC) at a
frequency of 50 Hz.

sich abwechseln, wechseln
→ Abwechslung, (Wechsel)folge
→ Ausweichmöglichkeit, Variante

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anemometer
Wind speed is measured by an anemometer.

Luftgeschwindigkeitsmesser

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availability
→ available
The availability of solar energy is not constant.

Verfügbarkeit
→ verfügbar, benutzbar

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biomass
→ biofuel
Biomass can be used to produce alternative fuels.

Biomasse
→ Biotreibstoff

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biodegradable
Biodegradable waste can be broken down
into various natural components

biologisch abbaubar

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blade
The blades of a wind turbine capture the wind
energy.

(Propeller-)Blatt, -Flügel; Klinge

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boiler
→ to boil
In thermal power stations steam is generated
by heating water in a boiler.

Dampfkessel
→ sieden

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carbon dioxide, CO2
→ to go zero carbon
Cars release carbon dioxide (CO2)

Kohlenstoffdioxid
→ emissionsfrei werden

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coal
Coal is a fossil fuel.

Kohle

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coil
The coil produces an electrical field inside
the generator

Spule

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to collapse
→ collapse
The power grid might collapse due to extreme
fluctuations in energy flow

einstürzen, zusammenbrechen,
kollabieren
→ Zusammenbruch

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combustion
→ to combust = to burn
In an internal combustion engine, fuel is
combusted with air in a combustion chamber

Verbrennung
→ verbrennen

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conductor
→ semiconductor
A conductor is a material which contains
movable electric charges. Silicon is an
important material for semiconductors.

Leiter
→ Halbleiter

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commercially (un)viable
Most renewable energy sources are still
commercially unviable

(un)wirtschaftlich, (un)rentabel

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competition
→ to compete
→ competitor
Competition is a rivalry between individuals,
groups, nations, or animals, for territory or
resources

Konkurrenz
→ im Wettbewerb stehen,
konkurrieren
→ Konkurrent

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component
People with very specific requirements build
their own computers from scratch, i.e. they
buy the components and assemble them

Bestandteil, Bauelement

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to contribute to
→ contribution
CO2 contributes to global warming

beisteuern, beitragen
→ Beitrag, Mitwirkung

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consumption
→ to consume
Old technical devices consume more energy
and should be replaced by devices with less
consumption

Verbrauch
→ verbrauchen, verzehren

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conventional source of energy
Coal counts among the conventional sources
of energy

herkömmliche Energiequelle

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to convert sth into sth…
→ conversion
→ converter
Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of
wind into mechanical energy.

etw. umwandeln zu
→ Konvertierung, Umwandlung
→ Konverter, Umformer,
Stromrichter

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current
→ AC = alternating current
→ DC = direct current
Current is the rate of flow of electric charge.

Strom
→ Wechselstrom
→ Gleichstrom

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decentralized
→ decentralization
A decentralized power grid is needed to
improve the efficiency of solar energy.

dezentralisiert
→ Dezentralisierung, Verlagerung

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(to be) dependent on → dependence on  (to be) independent of  independence of independence from Most Western countries are dependent on oil imports. Most former colonies have reached independence from colonial power.

abhängig (sein) von → Abhängigkeit von  unabhängig (sein) von  Unabhängigkeit politische Unabhängigkeit

to dig (dug, dug) The Channel Tunnel was dug using TBM

graben

district heating The heat for district heating often comes from cogeneration plants

Fernwärme

to draw a conclusion from (drew, drawn) A clever reading strategy is to deal with a text by drawing conclusions on the basis of existing knowledge.

eine Schlussfolgerung ziehen

to drive (drove, driven) → a drive Wind power can be used to drive wind turbines

antreiben → Antrieb

efficiency → efficient (adj.)  inefficient The efficiency of solar cells is reduced when dust accumulates on the panels.

Wirkungsgrad, Nutzwert → leistungsfähig, produktiv, wirtschaftlich  leistungsschwach, unpraktisch, wirkungslos

electromagnetic induction The efficiency of solar cells is reduced when dust accumulates on the panels

elektromagnetische Induktion

electromagnetic induction The generator produces electricity by electromagnetic induction

elektromagnetische Induktion

emission → carbon emissions → to emit CO2 emissions have increased in the last 10 years.

Ausstoß, Ausstrahlung, Emission → Kohlenstoffabgase, -Ausstoß → ausstossen, abgeben, absondern

(alternative / renewable) energy → bio ~ → geothermal ~ → hydro ~ → solar ~ → tidal ~ → wave ~ → wind ~ Wave, solar and wind power are alternative or renewable energy sources.

(erneuerbare) Energie → Bioenergie → Geothermie → Wasserkraft → Solarenergie → Gezeitenenergie → Wellenenergie → Windkraft

environment → environmental hazard → environmentally aware → environmentally friendly People have become more environmentally aware and preserve the environment, for example by recycling their rubbish.

Umwelt → Umweltgefährdung → umweltbewusst → umweltfreundlich

finite (= limited) [’faɪnaɪt]  infinite [‘ɪnfɪnɪt] Fossil fuels are finite

begrenzt, endlich  unbegrenzt, unendlich

fuel → fossil ~ → conventional ~ → bio ~ Environmentalists would like to see fossil fuels replaced by renewable energy sources.

Treib-, Brennstoff → fossiler Treibstoff → herkömmlicher Treibstoff → biologischer Treibstoff

furnace In thermal power stations gas or oil are burnt in a furnace.

(Brenn)Ofen

to fuse → nuclear fusion → to fuse nuclei Hydrogen fusion is another way of generating energy.

schmelzen, fusionieren → Kernschmelze, Kernfusion → Atomkerne verschmelzen

gasification → to gasify Coal gas is produced from the gasification of coal

Vergasung → (sich) in Gas umwandeln

gear transmission → gear → gearbox In wind turbines, the gear transmission increases the speed of the shaft.

(Zahnrad-) Getriebe -> Vorrichtung, Ausrüstung -> Getriebegehäuse

generation → to generate (power) cogeneration → cogeneration plant (CHP = combined heat and power generation) → trigeneration plant This wind turbine generates 600kW

Erzeugung → (Strom) erzeugen Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung → Blockheizkraftwerk Trigenerationsanlage (KraftWärme-Kälte-Kopplung)

global warming The Earth’s poles are melting because of global warming.

globale (Erd-)Erwärmung

greenhouse gas Greenhouse gases contribute to global warming

Treibhausgas

grid → national grid Electic power is transmitted via cables to the national grid.

(Strom-)Netz → öffentliches Stromnetz

ground source heat pump (A ground source heat pump is a central heating and/or cooling system that pumps heat to or from the ground.)

Erdwärmepumpe

to harness sth = to utilize Wind turbines harness the wind to produce electricity.

etw. nutzbar machen

to house → housing In a wind turbine, the nacelle houses the gearbox, low and high-speed shafts, brakes and the generator.

anordnen, unterbringen → Gehäuse, Gondel

hub The hub links the blades to the low-speed shaft. London’s Heathrow is a hub airport.

(Rad)Nabe; Mittel-, Angelpunkt

hydraulic system → hydraulics(used with singular verb) A hydraulic system is operated by a liquid moving under pressure through an arrangement of cylinders and pistons

Hydrauliksystem → Hydraulik

inference → to infer from I can make inferences if I have prior knowledge of a subject.

Schlussfolgerung → schlussfolgern

inflammable gas  noninflammable, nonflammable (Inflammable gases can cause dangerous explosions.)

entflammbares Gas  nicht entflammbar

insulation → to insulate → insulator A lot of insulation materials are available. Electrical insulators are mostly based on plastics

(Wärme-, Strom-)Isolierung → (ab-)isolieren → Isolator, Dämmstoff, Nichtleiter

≠ isolation Students sometimes value to work in isolation, i.e. privacy without being disturbed

≠ Abgeschiedenheit, Vereinsamung

innovator → innovative [ɪnəvetɪv] An innovator turns new ideas into practice.

Erneuerer, Erfinder → bahnbrechend, erfindungsreich

line loss When electricity is transported over long distances, line losses occur.

Leitungsverlust

nacelle The nacelle of a wind turbine houses the main components.

Gondel

natural gas Oil and natural gas reserves are finite.

Erdgas

non-polluting Wind power is a non-polluting energy form.

umweltfreundlich; ungiftig

nucleus (pl: nuclei) → nuclear → nuclear power plant → nuclear fission → to split a nucleus The splitting of atomic nuclei is controlled by coolants. Generating energy by nuclear fission is cheap but dealing with the refuse is expensive.

Kern, Atom → atomar, Kern-, Atom- → Kernkraftwerk → Kernspaltung, Teilung → einen Atomkern spalten

objective Our objective is to waste as little energy as possible

Ziel

offshore  onshore A windpark is more efficient when it is built offshore

ablandig, der Küste vorgelagert  auflandig, im Küstenvorland

power plant, power station A power plant is a factory producing power

Kraftwerk, Energieerzeugungsanlage

to pollute → a pollutant Conventional power plants pollute the environment with their emissions.

verschmutzen, verunreinigen → (Umwelt-)Schadstoff

rape seed Rape seed oil can be used as a biofuel

Rapssaat

to recycle → recycling → recyclable Paper can be recycled and used again.

wiederaufbereiten → Abfallverwertung → wiederverwertbar, recyclingfähig

to relay = to transfer In wind turbines, power is relayed from the hub to the gear by means of a low-speed shaft

übertragen, weiterleiten

release → to release The release of dangerous emissions must be stopped

Abgabe, Ausgabe, Freisetzung → abgeben, freisetzen, ausscheiden

resistance → electrical resistance The amount of current will also depend on the electrical resistance of a wire

Widerstand → elektrischer Widerstand

revenue Our company`s annual revenue rose by 30% in one year alone.

Einkommen

rotor → rotary motion A rotor is a part of a machine which turns around and can set objects into rotary motion.

Rotor → Drehbewegung; Rotationsbewegung

shaft A shaft transmits rotating forces

Welle; Deichsel

solar cells → solar panel → photovoltaic Solar cells can be combined to solar panels to convert the energy of sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect

Solarzellen, → Solarpanel, Solarzellenplatte → photoelektrisch, photovoltaisch

to split (split, split) Uranium atoms are split in a nuclear power reactor

(auf-)spalten, teilen

steam The generated steam drives huge turbines.

Dampf, Wasserdampf

to step up / down a voltage A transformer is used to increase or decrease the voltage level, i.e. step it up or down.

herauf- / heruntertransformieren

store → thermal store → to store → storage capacity A thermal store saves heat for later demand

Speicher → Wärmespeicher → lagern, speichern → Speicherkapazität

substitute → to substitute sth for/by sth Biodiesel is a substitute for diesel.

Ersatz → etw. ersetzen

sustainability → to sustain → sustainable These days, people care much about the sustainability aspect in their interaction with the environment.

Nachhaltigkeit → (aufrecht-)erhalten → nachhaltig, zukunftsfähig

to threaten → a threat Our environment is threatened by the greenhouse effect.

bedrohen → Bedrohung

tide → high/low tide → tidal energy The world’s first and biggest tidal power plant is located in France

Gezeit → Ebbe und Flut → Gezeiten-Energie

to transmit → a transmission A cable is needed to transmit signals from one point to another.

aussenden, funken → Übertragung

transformer → to transform A transformer is used to increase or decrease the voltage level, i.e. it transforms it

Transformator, Trafo, Stromwandler → umwandeln

tubular → a tube Tubular wind turbine towers provide safer access because operators can climb up from the inside.

röhrenförmig → Röhre

turbine [tə:bain] A turbine is a machine for producing power: a rotor revolves by a fast-moving flow of water, steam, gas, or air.

Turbine

to vary → variation Results may vary depending on the test setup

verändern, variieren → (Maß)abweichung

wind turbine Wind turbines are mounted on towers typically 50 to 80 metres in height.

Windturbine

Alternative energy !!!! Flashcards

(87 cards)