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Bacte Finals > Anaerobes > Flashcards

Anaerobes Flashcards

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1
Q

refers to microorganism that require elevated concentrated of CO2

A

capnophiles

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2
Q

the oxygen needed for microaerophiles

A

2-10%

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3
Q

clostridium are spore-formers which known to produce ___toxins

A

neurotoxins

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4
Q

causative of:
- gas gangrene
- eating expired bloated canned goods

A

c. perfringens

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5
Q

c. tetani is the causative agent of ___

A

tetanus or lockjaw

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6
Q

c. botulinum is the causative agent of?

A

botulism

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7
Q

c. difficile is the causative agent of ___

A

pseudomembranous colitis

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8
Q

clostridium are known to produce terminal spores specifically refer as the ___-shaped

A

drumstick or tennis racquet shaped

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9
Q

c. perfringes can cause what diseases?

A
  • cellulitis
  • fasciitis
  • myonecrosis
  • necrotizing enteritis
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10
Q

referred to as gas formation in the soft tissue which is caused by c. perfringes

A

cellulitis

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11
Q

this disease is also known as the suppurative myositis which is the accumulation of gas in the muscle planes

A

fasciitis

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12
Q

gas gangrene is also known as ____

A

myonecrosis

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13
Q

necrotizing enteritis is also known as ___ which is a fatal disease in children in New Guinea

A

pigbel

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14
Q

what toxin of c. perfringes that is associated with the pigbel?

A

beta-toxin

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15
Q

this microorganism occur in patient with tumors

A

c. bacteremia

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16
Q

anaerobes tend to produce ___ on skin surface.

A

bubbles

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17
Q

c. perfringens are known to cause ___ in milk acidity test noted by clot torn by gas in ___ hours

A

storming fermentation in milk acidity test noted by clot torn by gas in 24 hours

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18
Q

c. perfringens is the most common isolated which is found in the ___ as part of normal flora

A

gastrointestinal tract

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19
Q

biochemical characteristics of c. perfringes

A
  • lipase negative
  • indole negative
  • lecithinase positive
  • reverse CAMP positive
  • Nagler test positive
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20
Q

most clostridium infection is associated with __

A

gas bubbles

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21
Q

lethal toxin type of isolate that causes most human infection

A

type A

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22
Q

c. perfringens type of hemolysis

A

double zone of beta hemolysis

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23
Q

botulism is associated with the production of what type of neurotoxin?

A

botulin neurotoxin

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24
Q

patient with botulism will experience __

A

spasm

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25
c. tetani appears as thin bacilli with terminal spores appearing as ___
snowshoe or tennis racquet
26
toxin produced responsible for the manifestation of tetanus
tetanospasmin
27
biochemical characteristics of clostridium tetani
- lecithinase negative - urease negative - lipase weak positive - indole variable
28
this specie is an oxygen sensitive which more or less it is not cultured
c. tetani
29
the condition is associated with lockjaw which also called as __
devil's grin
30
this organism is associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous enterocolitis
c. difficile
31
antibiotics associated with diarrhea caused by c. difficile
- cephalosporin - ampicilin - clindamycin
32
gram morphology of c. difficile and the associated odor
in chains "horse-stable odor"
33
this is the one that is cultured because there is a selective media for this specie
c. difficile
34
c. difficile produces a ___ colony on CCFA
yellow ground-glass colony
35
c. difficile is demonstrated as ___ when exposed to UV light
chartreus flourescence
36
in c. difficile, the Nagler reaction will test for the production of __
alpha-toxin
37
these anaerobes are bile-resistant
bacteriodes fragilis
38
what is bile-resistant?
grow in broth with 20% bile
39
colony characteristics of b. fragilis on bacteriodes bile esculin agar
black colonies because they hydrolyzes esculin
40
Cycloserine Cefoxitin Fructose Agar purpose
to facilitate the isolation of C. difficile from fecal specimens
41
This transport system usually has a tube with a rubber septum.
anaerobic transport system
42
ideal specimen for anaerobes
fluid specimens drawn via syringe with rubber septum
43
t or f: swab specimens is also applicable for anaerobes
true after the specimen has been collected, the swab is inserted back into the inner tube. Agar on the bottom of the outer tube contains an oxygen tension indicator.
44
specimen of choice for anaerobes a. swabs b. tissue b. fluid c. both a and b d. aotc
D. all of them can be utilized as long as it is in the proper anaerobic transport system
45
for tissue specimens, tissue is placed on a small amount of ___ to keep it moist.
saline
46
self-contained atmosphere- generating anaerobic bag for transportation
GasPak pouch
47
enumerate the common anaerobic media
- Anaerobic blood agar - Bacteriodes bile esculin - Laked kanamycin-vancomycin - Anaerobic phenylethyl alcohol agar - Egg yolk agar - Cycloserine cefoxitine fructose agar - Cooked meat broth - Peptone-yeast extract glucose broth - Thioglycollate broth
48
to determine anaerobes (Gram staining and subculture in BAP and CHOC): if gram positive cocci, add __
nitrite and SPS
49
to determine anaerobes (Gram staining and subculture in BAP and CHOC): if gram positive bacilli, add __
nitrite
50
to determine anaerobes (Gram staining and subculture in BAP and CHOC): if gram negative, add __
- kanomycin - vancomycin - colistin disk in 1st quadrant - nitrite disk in 2nd quadrant
51
to determine anaerobes: after gram staining and subculture, incubate it anaerobically at ___ for __ hrs
incubate it anaerobically at 37C for 24-48 hrs
52
gram - cocci anaerobe
veillonella
53
gram + bacilli anaerobe
clostridium
54
enumerate the antibiotic disks
- nitrate disk - isodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS) disk - bile disk
55
this disk may be placed on the second quadrant for subsequent determination of nitrate reduction
nitrate disk
56
disk placed near colistin for rapid presumptive identification of peptostreptococcus anaerobius
Isodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS) Disk
57
This disk may be added to the second quadrant to detect bile inhibition if gram-negative rods are seen on gram staining.
bile disk
58
there could be positive gram stain but a negative culture, this could be because __
* poor transport methods (exposed to oxygen) * excessive exposure to air during specimen processing * failure of the system to achieve anaerobic atmosphere * inadequate types of media or old media used * microorganisms have been killed by antimicrobial therapy
59
odor produced by c. difficile in brucella blood agar and will fluoresce ___ under UV light
- barnyard odor - fluoresce chartreuse under UV light
60
this specie exhibit swarming on brucella blood agar
c. tetani
61
production apperance of lecithinase in egg yolk for the growth of clostridia
opaque white precipitate
62
this is used to differentiate among clostridium spp., and to identify some fusobacterium spp.,
iridescent sheen on the surface of colony
63
positive color nitrate disk test
red
64
reagents used in nitrate disk test
- sulfanilic acid - alpha-naphthylamine
65
test for presence of tryptophanase
spot indole disk test
66
this will indicate a positive indole
greenish-blue color
67
used to help differentiate among some fusobacterium, proprionibacterium, porphyromonas, prevotella, peptostreptococcus
indole
68
spot indole test: after the disk has become moist (5 mins), a drop of ___ is placed on the disk
paradimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
69
the only anaerobic gram + coccus that is inhibited by SPS
peptostreptococcus anaerobius
70
b. fragilis grow best on what agar?
brucella blood agar
71
this specie will fluoresce brick red under UV light on brucella blood agar
Prevotella melaninogenica
72
referred to as anaerobic diphtherioids
Proprionibacterium acnes
73
colony appearance of F. nucleatum on BBE agar
dry, white, breadcrumblike
74
this species fluoresce red under UV light on an anaerobic blood agar
porphydromonas
75
enumerate the gram + clostridium
- P. anaerobius - Actinomyces israelii - Proprionibacterium acnes
76
short rods; may appear "spidery" club-shaped pleomorphic diphtheroid-like
P. acnes
77
colony appearance of A. israelii
white; opaque "molar tooth"
78
what specie is associated? this can be seen in: - post cataract surgery - ventricular shunt infection - infrequent cause of endocariditis, osteomyelitis
P. acnes
79
most common cause genital, pulmonary, abdominal actinomycosis
A. israelii
80
enumerate the gram - rods
- Bacteriodes urealyticus - Porphyromonas asaccharolyticus - Prevotella disiens and P. bivia - F. nucleatum - F. necrophorum - F. mortiferum
81
normal flora and can be involved in pelvic abscesses
Prevotella disiens and P. bivia
82
- round and often "bizarre" forms seen - bile susceptible - indole + - lipase +
F. necrophorum
83
associated with Lemierre's syndrome
F. necrophorum
84
indole posi gram + bacilli
P. asaccharolyticus
85
B. fragilis kanamycin, vancomycin, colistin result
KVC resistant
86
catalase and indole + anaerobic gram-posi bacilli
P. acnes

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