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Chemistry > Analysing substances > Flashcards

Analysing substances Flashcards

1
Q

What are flame tests used for?

A

Identify metal ions

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2
Q

Why are flame tests useful for and why?

A

Forensic analysis because they are very sensitive as they detect small amounts of the metal ions

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3
Q

How do you perform a flame test?

A

First, you dip the wire into hydrochloric acid. Heat the wire in a roaring bunsen flame. Dip the wire back in the acid. Did the wire into the test sample. Hold the wire in the edge of the blue bunson flame and observe the flame colour

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4
Q

What colour flame does lithium give?

A

Crimson

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5
Q

What colour flame does sodium give?

A

Yellow

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6
Q

What colour flame does potassium give?

A

Lilac

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7
Q

What colour flame does calcium give?

A

Red

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8
Q

What colour flame does barium give?

A

Green

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9
Q

What forms when aluminium is added to sodium hydroxide?

A

White precipitate formed

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10
Q

What forms when calcium is added to sodium hydroxide?

A

White precipitate formed

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11
Q

What forms when magnesium is added to sodium hydroxide?

A

White precipitate formed

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12
Q

What forms when copper is added to sodium hydroxide?

A

Blue precipitate formed

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13
Q

What forms when iron (II) is added to sodium hydroxide?

A

Green precipitate formed

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14
Q

What forms when iron (III) is added to sodium hydroxide?

A

Brown precipitate formed

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15
Q

How do you decide if the metal is aluminium, calcium or magnesium?

A

If you add excess sodium hydroxide to aluminium it will dissolve, you then do a flame test with magnesium and calcium and calcium will have a red flame

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16
Q

How do you test for carbonates?

A

Carbonates react with dilute acids to form carbon dioxide. When this happens, it bubbles. The carbon dioxide also turns limewater cloudy

17
Q

How do you test for a halide ion? (chloride, bromide, iodide)

A

You first add nitric acid and then add some silver nitrate solution. If it is chloride then a white precipitate forms, bromide a cream precipitate froms, iodide a pale yellow precipitate forms

18
Q

How do you test for sulfates?

A

Add barium chloride with some hydrochloric acid and a white precipitate forms

Chemistry (3 decks)

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