Anatomical Organization

Question 1

Anatomical Position

Answer 1

Supine = on back
Prone = on stomach

Question 2

Transverse / Horizontal / Axial

Answer 2

Cut into Upper / Inferior

Question 3

Sagittal (not center)

Answer 3

Mid-sagittal (right down the middle)

Cuts into Right and left sides

Question 4

Coronal / Frontal

Answer 4

Cuts into front and back. (laying on side)

Question 5

Directional Terms

Answer 5

Posterior (dorsal)
Anterior (ventral)

Superior / Cranial / Cephalic
Inferior / Caudal

Medial / Lateral

Question 6

Directional Terms

Answer 6

Posterior (dorsal)
Anterior (ventral)

Superior / Cranial / Cephalic
Inferior / Caudal

Medial / Lateral

Question 7

Proximal

Answer 7

Toward the center

Question 8

Distal

Answer 8

Away from the center

Question 9

Examples of proximal / Distal

Answer 9

Extremities: elbow is distal to shoulder / elbow is proximal to wrist

GI Tract: proximal is close to mouth / stomach is proximal to intestines / distal would be anus

Circulatory System: Proximal close to heart
Vessels near heart are proximal to vessels in fingers

Question 10

Superficial

Answer 10

Toward the skin

Question 11

Deep

Answer 11

Internal or away from skin

Question 12

Hypo

Answer 12

Below

Question 13

Hyper

Answer 13

Above / epi

Question 14

Cavities

Answer 14

Cranial Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Abdominal Cavity
Pelvic Cavity
Vertebral Cavity

Question 15

Linings

Answer 15

Parietal = lining of cavity
Visceral = lining of organ

Question 16

Abdominal Region

Answer 16

R Upper Quadrant / L Upper Quadrant

R Lower Quadrant / L Lower Quadrant

Question 17

Abdominal Region

Answer 17

R Hypocondrial / Epigastric / L Hypocondrial
R Lumbar / Umbilical / L Lumbar
R Iliac / Hypogastric / L Iliac

Question 18

Regions (Head)

Answer 18

Cephalic (head)

Facial

Question 19

Regions (Spine)

Answer 19

Cervical (neck)
Thoracic (mid back)
Lumbar (low back)
Sacral (bone lower)

Question 20

Regions (Arm)

Answer 20

Clavicular (collarbone)
Axillary (arm pit)
Brachial (arm)
Cubital (elbow)
ante-brachial (forarm)
Carpal (wrist)
Palmar / dorsum (top) Hand

Question 21

Region (whole body)

Answer 21

Sternal 
pectoral 
abdominal 
Pelvic 
Pubic
Gluteal
Inguinal

Question 22

Regions (lower extermities)

Answer 22

Thigh
Leg (below knee)
Poplateal (knee)
tarsal (ankle)
Pedal (dorsum / planter): top and bottom of foot

Question 23

Organization

Answer 23

Atom
Molecule 
Organelles
Cells (smallest unit of life)
Tissues 
Organs
Systems 
Body (organism)

Question 24

Systems of Body

Answer 24

Integumentary System
Skeletal 
Muscular
nervous 
endocrine
Circulatory (cardiovascular)
lymphatic (immune)
respiratory 
digestive 
urinary 
reproductive

Question 25

Cell Membrane

Answer 25

Double Phospholipid Membrain

Question 26

Cytoplasm

Answer 26

Everything inside cell membrane | - Cytosols and organells

Question 27

Cytosol

Answer 27

Liquid part of Cytoplasm

Question 28

Organelles

Answer 28

1. Nucleus (brain / DNA) 2. Mytochondria (powerhouse / Makes ATP energy) 3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ribosomes make proteins) 4. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (transports through smooth) 5. Golgi Body (packages everything for transport) 6. Lysosomes (trash collectors / filled with enzymes

Question 29

Histology

Answer 29

Microscopic study of tissues

Question 30

Histology Types

Answer 30

Epithelum Muscle Nerve Connective

Question 31

epithelium

Answer 31

Lining of a surface | cells tightly packed

Question 32

Epithelium Types

Answer 32

Squamous (simple / stratified) Cuboidal (simple / stratified) Columnar (simple / psuedostratified) Transitional ( always stratified, only in urinary system, can stretch)

Question 33

Histology - Muscle - Skeletal

Answer 33

stratified parallel fibers multi nucleated voluntary

Question 34

Histology - Muscle - Cardiac

Answer 34

Stratified Branch fibers Intercalated discs (electrical impulse) Involuntary

Question 35

Histology- Muscle - Smooth

Answer 35

non striated spindle shaped single nuclei involuntary (digestive system)

Question 36

Histology - Nerve

Answer 36

Brain / Spinal Cord / Nerves axon / cell body (soma) / Dendrites

Question 37

Connective

Answer 37

Fluid Proper / Fibrous Supportive

Question 38

Connective - Fluid

Answer 38

Blood (RBC, WBC, Platlet / Plasma | Lymph (Lymphatic Fluid, Lymphocytes)

Question 39

Connective - Proper / Fibrous

Answer 39

``` Dense - Regular (tendon / ligament) - Irregular (dermis of skin) - elastic (arteries) Loose - adipose - reticular (supports lymph organs) - areolar (supportive) ```

Question 40

Connective - Supportive

Answer 40

Cartilage - Hyaline Cartilage (firm) - fibrocartilage (discs in back) - Elastic (ear) Bone - Osteon (functional unit of bone) - Osteocyte (bone cell) surrounded by lacune - Lamella (rings) - Canaliculi (squiggles going out) - Central Canal (haversiah canal)

Question 41

Epiphyseal Plates

Answer 41

Growth Plates in adults Epiphyseal lines

Question 42

Osteoclast

Answer 42

Eats up bone

Question 43

Osteoblast

Answer 43

Builds up bone / birth bone

Question 44

Integumentary System

Answer 44

Epidermis - Stratified Squamous Epithelium Dermis - Dense irregular connective Hypodermis - Adipose

Question 45

Epidermis

Answer 45

``` Stratum Corneum (keratin) Stratum Lucidum (clear) only palm and sole Stratum Granulosum (granular) Stratum Spinosum (thicket) Stratum Basale ( melanocytes) ```

Question 46

Sudorferous Glands

Answer 46

Eccrine (merocine) / Sweat Gland | Apocrine / Stinky Sweat Gland (pubic , axillary)