Anatomy: Foot

Question 1

name the bones of the foot

Answer 1

Question 2

what joint is between the talus and calcaneus

Answer 2

subtalar joint

Question 3

what movement do the tibialis ant and pos cause

Answer 3

inversion of the foot

Question 4

what movement do fibularis muscles cause

Answer 4

eversion

Question 5

what are the 2 midtarsal joints

Answer 5

calcaneocuboid and talocalcaneonavicular

Question 6

What joint is between the cuneiforms/cuboid proximally and the metatarsals

Answer 6

tarsometatarsal joints

Question 7

what are the main movements of the mid tarsal joints

Answer 7

inversion (tibialis ant and pos) and eversion (fibularis muscles)

Question 8

what type of joints are the midtarsal joints

Answer 8

synovial

Question 9

what type of joints are the MTP

Answer 9

synovial

Question 10

what type of joints are the interphalangeal joints

Answer 10

synovial hinge joints - flexion and extension of the toes

Question 11

what is the function of the arches of the foot

Answer 11

shock absorption, push off spring function, inc weight bearing capacity by weight redistribution across the whole foot

Question 12

what are the arches supported by

Answer 12

plantar aponeurosis and plantar ligaments

Question 13

what also protects against puncture wounds

Answer 13

plantar aponeurosis

Question 14

what is the plantar aponeurosis

Answer 14

thickened central area of plantar fascia - deep fascia of the sole of the foot

Question 15

what is the medial longitudinal arch formed from

Answer 15

calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms and 1-3 metatarsals

Question 16

what is the medial longitudinal arch supported by

Answer 16

flexor hallicus longus

attachment of tibials ant

attachment of fibularis longus

Question 17

what is the lateral longitudinal arch formed by

Answer 17

calcaneus, cuboid and metatarsals 4 and 5

Question 18

what arch is usually weight bearing on standing

Answer 18

lateral longitdunal arch

Question 19

what plane of the foot is the transverse arch located in

Answer 19

coronal

Question 20

what is the transverse arch formed by

Answer 20

cuboid, cuneirforms and the bases of all 5 metatarsals

Question 21

what is the transverse arched supported b

Answer 21

fibularis longus and tibialis posterior

Question 22

what action do the sole muscles produce

Answer 22

flexion of the toes

Question 23

what action do the interosse muscles produce

Answer 23

abduction/adduction of the toes

Question 24

what is the dorsalis pedis artery a branch of

Answer 24

anterior tibial artery

Question 25

where is the pulse of the dorsalis pedis artery taken

Answer 25

lateral to extensor hallicus longus tendon

Question 26

what does the dorsalis pedis artery branch to

Answer 26

arcuate artery on the dorsum of the foot

Question 27

what do the medial and lateral plantar arteries branch from

Answer 27

pos tibial artery

Question 28

what arch do the med and lat plantar arteries contribute to

Answer 28

deep plantar arch

Question 29

what arises from the deep plantar arch (artery)

Answer 29

metatarsal arteries which branch into digital arteries

Question 30

how many digital arteries per toe

Answer 30

4

Question 31

superficial veins: what does the dorsal venous arch give rise to

Answer 31

small and great saphenous vein

Question 32

describe th deep veins of the foot

Answer 32

follow arteries drain into ant and pos tibial and fibular veins - join to form the popliteal vein

Question 33

describe the motor supply to the foot

Answer 33

tibial nerve to the muscles of the sole of the foot deep fibular nerve to the muscles of the dorsum

Question 34

sensory nerve supply to the dorsum of the foot

Answer 34

mainly superficial fibular with deep fibular nerve supplying the first interdigital cleft sural nerve supplying the proximal lateral border saphenous nerve supplying the medial border

Question 35

what is the sural nerve formed from

Answer 35

a sensory nerve formed from tibial and common fibular nerves

Question 36

sensory nerve supply to the plantar surface of the foot

Answer 36

Mainly **tibial nerve** to the heel and majority of sole (**medial and lateral planter nerves**) **sural nerve** supplying the proximal lateral border **saphenous nerve** supplying the proximal medial border (borders as for the dorsum)

Question 37

describe the lymphatic drainage of the foot

Answer 37

lymphatic vessels accompany the great and small saphenous veins