Anatomy of CVS 2

Question 1

3 tunics of blood vessels

Answer 1

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa/adventitia

Question 2

Structure of heart wall

Answer 2

Endocardium
Myocardiium
Epicardium

Question 3

Do arteries or veins have smaller diameters

Answer 3

Arteries do, because of the thicker T. media

Question 4

Arteries have a ___ T. media and ____ T adventia

Answer 4

Thick and thin

Question 5

Veins have a ____ T. media and a ____ T. adventia

Answer 5

Thin and thick

Question 6

Types of arteries

Answer 6

Elastic
Muscular
Arterioles

Question 7

Where are elastic arteries found

Answer 7

Aorta, common carotid and pulmonary

Question 8

What happens to the aorta during systole

Answer 8

it is stretched

Question 9

What happens to the aorta during diatsole

Answer 9

The heart relaxes and the artery recoils and maintains the pressure on the blood

Question 10

Why is the aorta able to recoil and stretch

Answer 10

Presence of extensive amounts of elastic fibres i T. media in the form of layers

Question 11

What secretes the elastic fibres

Answer 11

smooth muscle cells

Question 12

Where are muscular arteries found

Answer 12

Coronary arteries, radial and femoral

Question 13

What is the function of muscular arteries

Answer 13

Controls distribution of blood to regions

Question 14

Is there an elastic fibres between muscle cells in T. media

Answer 14

No

Question 15

Where are elastic fibres found in muscular arteries

Answer 15

Concentrated in 2 well defined sheets called internal and external elastic laminae

Question 16

Internal elastic laminae

Answer 16

Under epithelium

Question 17

External elastic laminae

Answer 17

between T. media and T. adventitia

Question 18

Do arterioles have any IEL

Answer 18

No

Question 19

How many layers of smooth muscle is in the T. media of arterioles

Answer 19

1-2

Question 20

Do arterioles have T.adventia

Answer 20

No

Question 21

What is the innervation for arterioles

Answer 21

Sympathetic nerve innervation

Question 22

What is the function of arterioles

Answer 22

To control blood pressure

Question 23

Function of capillaries

Answer 23

Main exchange for nutrients and gases

Question 24

Are capillary walls thin or thick

Answer 24

Thin

Question 25

What tunics does the capillaries contain

Answer 25

Just T. intima | No T.adventitia or T. media

Question 26

What are pericytes

Answer 26

Incomplete layer of cells surrounding basement membrane which have contractile properties

Question 27

What is the function pf pericytes

Answer 27

They help control blood flow

Question 28

What is the average diameter of capillaries

Answer 28

4.15 microm

Question 29

Is the sum of diameters of all capillaries greater than the diameter of the aorta and what does this mean

Answer 29

Yes | Blood pressure is low

Question 30

Types of capillaries

Answer 30

Continuous Fenestrated Discontinuous

Question 31

Where are continuous capillaries found

Answer 31

Muscle, nerve and fat tissue

Question 32

Features of continuous capillaries

Answer 32

Selective transport mechanism | Can control what is exchanged

Question 33

Where fenestrated capillaries found

Answer 33

Small intestine Endocrine glands Kidneys

Question 34

Features of fenestrated capillaries

Answer 34

SAllow larger molecules through and are more permeable

Question 35

Where are discontinuous capillaries found

Answer 35

Liver, spleen and bone marrow

Question 36

Features of discontinuous

Answer 36

Gaps between endothelial cells and basement membrane | Allow free passage of fluid and cells

Question 37

What are sinusoids

Answer 37

A type of discontinuous capillaries found where large amount of exchange takes place

Question 38

Where are sinusoids found

Answer 38

Liver and endocrine glands

Question 39

What do the T.intima in the sinusoids contain

Answer 39

Phagocytic cells

Question 40

What is the purpose of capillary beds and Arteriovenous shunts

Answer 40

Bypasses capillary beds in skin for thermoregulation

Question 41

Capillary bed to vein

Answer 41

Small venule | Small-medium sized vein

Question 42

T. intima T. media T.adventitia in vein

Answer 42

Thin Thin Thick

Question 43

What does veins contain to prevent back flow

Answer 43

Valves

Question 44

What are the valves made out of in the vein

Answer 44

folds of T.intima

Question 45

Superficial vein

Answer 45

Thick walled | No surrounding support

Question 46

Deep vein

Answer 46

Thin walled | surrounded by deep fascia and muscles

Question 47

Function of lymphatic system

Answer 47

Drains tissue fluid lost from blood capillaries

Question 48

Features of lymph capillaries

Answer 48

Blind ending Lined by very thin endothelium No fenestrations

Question 49

How is the lumen maintained

Answer 49

Negative hydrostatic pressure

Question 50

Blood supply to the blood vessels

Answer 50

Vasa Vasorum

Question 51

Where are the lymphatics in the blood vessels located

Answer 51

T. adventitia

Question 52

Nerve supply of blood vessels in skin

Answer 52

Sympathetic

Question 53

Nerve supply of blood vessels in heart

Answer 53

Sympathetic and parasympathetic