ANS and PNS

Question 1

Somatic Efferents include how many neurons between CNS and effector?

Answer 1

One

Question 2

Visceral efferent is how many neurons between CNS and effector?

Answer 2

Two

Question 3

Name the two efferents A and B

Answer 3

A. Somatic Efferents – One neuron between CNS and effector

B. Visceral Efferents – Two neurons between CNS and effector

Question 4

Name the two divisions of the ANS (A and B) as well as their path.

Answer 4

A. Sympathetic: Via T1-L2 spinal nerves
B. Parasympathetic: Via CN 3, 7, 9, 10 and S2-S4 spinal nerves

Question 5

This image represents the paravertebral ganglia. Name the two points labeled as well as what trunk/chain they make up.

Answer 5

Paravertebral (chain) ganglia and Interganglionic nerves make up the Sympathetic trunk/chain

Question 6

Name the 3 chain ganglia:

Answer 6

Superior cervical ganglion

Middle cervical ganglion

Inferior cervical ganglion

Question 7

What is the level of the inferior cervical ganglion?

Answer 7

Adjacent to C7 vertebra

Question 8

What is the level of the middle cervical ganglion?

Answer 8

TP of C5 or C6 vertebra

Question 9

What is the level of the superior cervical ganglion?

Answer 9

Adjacent to C1-C2 vertebrae

Question 10

The visceral motor system is made up of 2 parts (J and K)

Answer 10

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 11

The motor (efferent) nervous system is made up of 2 parts (H and I)

Answer 11

Somatic Motor and Visceral Motor

Question 12

The sensory (afferent) nervous system is made up of 2 parts (F and G)

Answer 12

Somatic Sensory and Visceral Sensory

Question 13

The peripheral nervous system is made up of 2 parts (D and E)

Answer 13

Sensory (afferent) and Motor (efferent)

Question 14

The nervous system is divided into 2 parts (B and C):

Answer 14

Central and Peripheral

Question 15

What is C of this neuron?

Answer 15

Axon

Question 16

What is B of this neuron?

Answer 16

Cell body

Question 17

What is A of this neuron?

Answer 17

Dendrites

Question 18

What is this neuron type?

Answer 18

Multipolar

Question 19

What is D of this neuron?

Answer 19

Central axon

Question 20

What is C of this neuron?

Answer 20

Peripheral axon

Question 21

What is B of this neuron?

Answer 21

Dendrites

Question 22

What is A of this neuron?

Answer 22

Cell body

Question 23

What is this neuron type?

Answer 23

Pseudo-unipolar

Question 24

What is C of this neuron?

Answer 24

Axon

Question 25

What is B of this neuron?

Answer 25

Cell body

Question 26

What is A of this neuron?

Answer 26

Dendrite

Question 27

Name this neuron:

Answer 27

bipolar

Question 28

All general Motor neurons in the body are this type of neuron:

Answer 28

multipolar

Question 29

All general Sensory neurons in the body are this type of neuron:

Answer 29

pseudo-unipolar

Question 30

Cell bodies of neurons are located in 2 different places:

Answer 30

Either in the central system (gray matter) or ganglia (outside CNS)

Question 31

Visceral efferent involve innvervation of 3 visceral structures:

Answer 31

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glandular cells

Question 32

Motor is [afferent/efferent]?

Answer 32

Efferent

Question 33

Sensory is [afferent/efferent]?

Answer 33

Afferent

Question 34

What are the functions of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 34

decrease heart rate decrease arterial blood pressure increase secretions from digestive glands increase peristalsis of gut constriction of the pupils

Question 35

How do pain afferents enter CNS?

Answer 35

parallels SYMPATHETIC system, fibers enter spinal cord through spinal nerves T1-L2

Question 36

How do physiological afferents and pain afferents differ?

Answer 36

Physiological parallels parasympathetic nervous system; Pain afferents parallel sympathetic nervous system in how they enter CNS

Question 37

What are physiological afferents and how do they enter CNS?

Answer 37

chemoreception baroreception stretch/distension (esp. hollow organs) Parallels PARAsympathetic nervous system and enters CNS via cranial nerves 7, 9, 10 and spinal nerves S2-S4

Question 38

What are the functions of sympathetic division of the ANS?

Answer 38

- innervation of certain cutaneous structures: vasoconstriction of arteries of skin, sweat glands, arrector pili muscles - vasodilate arteries in skeletal muscle - dilate pupils - increase heart rate - increase blood pressure

Question 39

This ganglion contains cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic neurons innervating hindgut structures:

Answer 39

inferior mesenteric ganglion

Question 40

These ganglia contains cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic neurons that generally innervate midgut structures:

Answer 40

superior mesenteric and aorticorenal ganglia

Question 41

This ganglion contains cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic neurons that generally innervate for gut and midgut structures:

Answer 41

Celiac ganglion

Question 42

These ganglion are found on or near the inferior mesenteric artery:

Answer 42

inferior mesenteric ganglion

Question 43

These ganglia are found near the superior mesenteric artery and renal arteries:

Answer 43

superior mesenteric and aorticorenal ganglia

Question 44

These ganglion are found near or along celiac trunk:

Answer 44

celiac ganglion

Question 45

The postganglionic neurons of prevertebral ganglia synapse with preganglionic sympathetic neurons whose fibers pass through the sympathetic trunk (without synapse) and pass through \_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 45

splanchnic nerves

Question 46

Where are prevertebral ganglia found?

Answer 46

Near the organs they supply, includes postganglionic sympathetic neurons

Question 47

What are prevertebral ganglia?

Answer 47

ganglia in front of or some distance away from vertebral column