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ANS Drugs Block 1 Flashcards

(116 cards)

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1
Q

physiological NT; no therapeutic use

A

ACh

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2
Q

diagnose bronchial asthma & COPD

A

Methacholine (Muscarinic activity) directly activates cholinoreceptor

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3
Q

postoperative ileus & urinary retention

A

bethanechol (M3)

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4
Q

Carbachol 1. use 2. N or M

A
  1. Glaucoma 2. N & M
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5
Q

Pilocarpine use

A

Glaucoma & Sjorgens syndrome & diagnose CFTR, induces sweat test directly activates M3

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6
Q

physostigmine use

A

REVERSIBLE INHIBITOR used to treat glaucoma

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7
Q

rivastigmine

A

tx alzheimers

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8
Q

neostigmine use

A

short duration; used treat myasthenia graves; reverse competitive blockade at NMJ

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9
Q

pyridostigmine use

A

long-term use; used treat myasthenia graves; reverse competitive blockade at NMJ

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10
Q

used to diagnose m. gravis

A

edrophonium

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11
Q

donepezil

A

tx alzheimers

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12
Q

ecothiophate

A

irreversible inhibitor used to treat glaucoma

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13
Q

homatropine

A

antimuscarinic used as mydriatic in refractive testing, uveitis, iritis

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14
Q

tacrine

A

tx alzheimers

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15
Q

biperidine

A

drug-induced parkinsons

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16
Q

antimuscarinic used as mydriatic in refractive testing, uveitis, iritis

A

homatropine, tropicamide, cyclopentolate

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17
Q

treatment for OP poisoning

A

atropine & 2-PAM

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18
Q

motion sickness

A

scopolamine

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19
Q

drug-induced parkinsons

A

benztropine, biperidine, trihexphenidyl

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20
Q

cyclopentolate

A

antimuscarinic used as mydriatic in refractive testing, uveitis, iritis

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21
Q

ipratropium

A

bronchial asthma

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22
Q

succinylcholine

A

depolarizing NMJ blocker used as skeletal muscle relaxant during general anesthesia

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23
Q

tropicamide

A

antimuscarinic used as mydriatic in refractive testing, uveitis, iritis

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24
Q

benztropine

A

drug-induced parkinsons

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25
oxybutynin
urinary urgency
26
glocypyrolate
cystitis
27
ganglion blockers
hexamethonium & mecamylamine
28
pancuronium
competitive NMJ blocker used as skeletal muscle relaxant during general anesthesia
29
2-PAM
used with atropine in OP poisoning; breaks irreversible AChE inhibitor bond--\>reactivates AChE
30
trihexphenidyl
drug-induced parkinsons
31
vecuronium
competitive NMJ blocker used as skeletal muscle relaxant during general anesthesia
32
epinephrine uses
1. with LA- prolong duration 2. cardiac arrest 3. glaucoma 4. anaphylaxis
33
epinephrine adverse effects
1. HTN 2. angina 3. cardiac arrhythmia
34
d-tubocurarine
competitive NMJ blocker used as skeletal muscle relaxant during general anesthesia
35
NE use
short-term hypotensive emergency
36
drugs used to treat BPH
alpha 1 blockers: prazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin (alpha 1A)
37
Isoproterenol adverse effects
tachycardia
38
isoproterenol uses
1. bronchial asthma 2. cardiac arrest 3. heart block
39
alpha 1 blockers
prazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin (alpha 1A)
40
drug used to treat cariogenic shock
dopamine or dobutamine
41
phenylephrine use
short-term hypotensive emergency
42
clonidine use
HTN
43
alpha-methyldopa use
HTN
44
clonidine adverse effects
1. sedation 2. abrupt withdrawal--\>rebound HTN
45
alpha-methyldopa adverse effects
1. sedation 2. abrupt withdrawal--\>rebound HTN
46
adverse effects of ephedrine & pseudoephedrine
tachyphylaxis
47
prazosin use
1. BPH 2. mild to moderate HTN
48
oxymetazoline & xylometazoline use
nasal decongestant--rhinitis, hay fever
49
cocaine a) MOA b) adverse effects
a) blocks reuptake b) 1. tachycardia 2. HTN 3. mydriasis
50
drugs used to treat ADHD & Narcolepsy
dextroampheramine, methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine
51
albuterol use & adverse effects
a) 1. bronchial asthma 2. premature labor b) skeletal muscle tremors
52
terbutaline use
a) 1. bronchial asthma 2. premature labor b) skeletal muscle tremors
53
prazosin: type of drug
alpha 1 blocker
54
prazosin: effect
1. improves urinary symptoms in BPH 2. decrease TPR--\> decrease BP
55
alpha blockers
phenoxybenzamine & phentholamine
56
prazosin adverse effects
1. postural hypotension 2. minimal reflex tachycardia
57
ritodrine use
a) 1. bronchial asthma 2. premature labor b) skeletal muscle tremors
58
terazosin: type of drug
alpha 1 blocker
59
terazosin: effect
1. improves urinary symptoms in BPH 2. decrease TPR--\> decrease BP
60
terazosin: use
1. BPH 2. mild to moderate HTN
61
terazosin: adverse effects
1. postural hypotension 2. minimal reflex tachycardia
62
-osin
alpha 1 blocker
63
-amine
alpha 1 & 2 blocker
64
tamsulosin: type of drug
alpha 1A blocker
65
tamsulosin: effect
1. improves urinary symptoms in BPH 2. decrease TPR--\> decrease BP
66
tamsulosin: use
1. BPH 2. mild to moderate HTN
67
tamsulosin: adverse effects
1. postural hypotension 2. minimal reflex tachycardia
68
alpha 1 blocker a. effects b. use c. adverse effects
a) 1. improves urinary symptoms in BPH 2. decrease TPR--\> decrease BP b) 1. BPH 2. mild to moderate HTN c) 1. postural hypotension 2. minimal reflex tachycardia
69
phenoxybenzamine: type of drug
non-selective alpha blocker
70
phenoxybenzamine: effects & use
1. decrease TPR --\> decrease BP 2. HTN of pheochromocytoma
71
drugs used to treat HTN of pheochromocytoma
non-selective alpha blockers 1. phenoxybenzamine 2. phentolamine
72
phenoxybenzamine: adverse effects
1. postural hypotension 2. reflex tachycardia
73
phentolamine: adverse effects
1. postural hypotension 2. reflex tachycardia
74
1. postural hypotension 2. reflex tachycardia
side effects of alpha blockers
75
phentolamine: effects & use
1. decrease TPR --\> decrease BP 2. HTN of pheochromocytoma
76
phentolamine: type of drug
non-selective alpha blocker
77
non-selective alpha blocker effects
decrease TPR --\> decrease BP
78
effects of selective alpha 1 blockers
1. improves urinary symptoms in BPH 2. decrease TPR--\> decrease BP
79
adverse effects of beta 2 stimulants
skeletal muscle tremors
80
use of selective beta 2 stimulants
1. bronchial asthma 2. premature labor
81
propranolol: type of drug
non-selective beta blocker
82
non-selective beta blockers
1. propranolol 2. nadolol 3. timolol 4. pindolol 5. sotalol
83
nadolol: type of drug
non-selective beta blocker
84
timolol: type of drug
non-selective beta blocker
85
pindolol: type of drug
non-selective beta blocker; partial agonist\*\*\*\*\*
86
sotalol: type of drug
non-selective beta blocker
87
propranolol: effects
1. decrease TPR--\>decrease BP 2. decrease AV conduction 3. decrease cardiac work load
88
propranolol: uses
1. HTN 2. angina 3. performance anxiety 4. essential tremors 5. pheochromocytoma 6. cardiac arrhythmias 7. migraine prphylaxis 8. thyrotoxicosis
89
propranolol: adverse effects
1. bronchospasm--\> contraindicated in COPD & bronchial asthma 2. can mask hypoglycemic symptoms
90
nadolol uses
1. HTN 2. angina \*long duration of action
91
Timolol uses
decrease aqueous humor formation--\>tx glaucoma due to blockade of beta 2 receptors located on ciliary processes
92
Pindolol uses
1. HTN 2. angina
93
sotalol effects & uses
blocks K+ channels--\>tx cardiac arrhythmias
94
Labetolol use
1. HTN emergency 2. cardiac failure
95
Carvedilol use
1. HTN emergency 2. cardiac failure
96
Labetolol type of drug
alpha & beta blocker
97
Carvedilol
alpha & beta blocker
98
Cardioselective drugs (B1 \> B2)
1. metoprolol 2. atenolol 3. acebutalol
99
metoprolol type of drug & use
B1\>B2 1. safer beta blockers in asthmatics & diabetics
100
safer beta blockers in asthmatics & diabetics
1. metoprolol 2. atenolol 3. acebutalol all b1\>b2
101
Esmolol
used to treat supra ventricular arrhythmias short plasma half life
102
Betaxolol
used to treat Glaucoma; decreased aqueous humor production due to blockade of beta 2 receptors located on ciliary processes long DOA
103
Cholinomimetics used to treat Glaucoma & MOA
1. carbachol 2. pilocarpine 3. physostigmine MOA: increased aqueous humor outflow (ciliary m contraction--\> opens trabecular meshwork--\> increased outflow through Schlemm's canal)
104
non-selective alpha agonist used to treat Glaucoma & MOA
Epinephrine MOA: 1. decreased aqueous humor production (via vasoconstriction & alpha 2 receptor activation) 2. increased aqueous humor outflow (through trabecular meshwork & uveoscleral route)
105
selective alpha 2 agonists used to treat glaucoma & MOA
1. apraclonidine 2. brimonidine MOA: decreased aqueous humor production ( due to activation of alpha-2 receptor located on ciliary process)
106
Glaucoma drugs that work to decrease aqueous humor production
1. non-selective alpha agonist Epinephrine 2. selective alpha2 agonists apraclinidine & brimonidine 3. beta blockers timolol & betaxolol 4. Diuretics: acetazolamide & Dorzolamide
107
beta blockers used to treat glaucoma & MOA
1. Timolol 2. Betaxolol MOA: decreased aqueous humor production (due to blockade of beta2 receptor located on ciliary process)
108
apraclonidine: 1. drug type 2. use 3. MOA
1. selective alpha 2 agonist 2. tx glaucoma 3. decreased aqueous humor production due to activation of alpha 2 receptor located on ciliary process
109
Brimonidine: 1. drug type 2. use 3. MOA
1. selective alpha 2 agonist 2. tx glaucoma 3. decreased aqueous humor production due to activation of alpha 2 receptor located on ciliary process
110
Carbachol: 1. drug type 2. use 3. MOA
1. cholinomimetic; directly acting 2. tx glaucoma 3. increased aqueous humor outflow (ciliary m contraction opens trabecular meshwork--\>enhances outflow through Schlemm's canal
111
pilocarpine: 1. drug type 2. use 3. MOA
1. cholinomimetic; directly acting alkaloid 2. tx glaucoma 3. increased aqueous humor outflow (ciliary m contraction opens trabecular meshwork--\>enhances outflow through Schlemm's canal
112
physostigmine: 1. drug type 2. use 3. MOA
1. cholinomimetic: reversible inhibitor; indirectly acting 2. tx glaucoma 3. increased aqueous humor outflow (ciliary m contraction opens trabecular meshwork--\>enhances outflow through Schlemm's canal
113
mannitol use & MOA
Tx glaucoma by increasing aqueous humor outflow (due to the increased osmotic pressure of the plasma)
114
Latanoprost: 1. drug type 2. use 3. MOA
1. prostaglandin analog 2. Tx glaucoma 3. increased aqueous humor outflow through uveoscleral route
115
acetazolamide
diuretic used to treat glaucoma MOA: decreased aqueous humor production due to lack of HCO3-
116
dorzolamide
diuretic used to treat glaucoma MOA: decreased aqueous humor production due to lack of HCO3-

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