Flashcards in ANS Drugs Lecture Deck (31)
1
What are the Ca2+ channel blockers?
"pines"- these block L-type Ca2+ channels in smooth muscle only
2
What do Diltiazem and Verapamil do?
non-dihydropyridine ca2+ channel blockers that block L-type Ca2+ channels in CARDIAC and smooth muscle
3
Side effects of Ca2+ channel blockers?
-constipation
-edema
-bradycardia
-headache
-AV block
BEACH
4
What are some NO releasing drugs?
-Hydralazine
-Nitroprusside
5
Side effects of Hydralazine?
-reversible lupus like syndrome
-edema
-arteriolar dilation
READ
6
What are some drugs that open K+ channels?
-Minoxidil
-Diazoxide
7
What is an example of a D1 agonist? Mechanism?
Fenoldopam- vasodilates renal vessels and inhibits ACh release
8
What is a side effect of Diazoxide?
you also see inhibition of Ca2+ channels which can decrease insulin secretion and lead to hyperglycemia
9
How is angiotensinogen converted to angiotension I?
renin
10
What drug blocks renin? Side effect?
Alskiren; hyperkalemia
11
What converts angiotension I to angiotension II?
ACE
12
What else does ACE do?
converts bradykinin to inactive metabolites
13
So what is a side effect of ACE inhibitors?
drug, irritating cough
14
What are the effects of angiotensin II?
-vasoconstriction
-aldosterone secretion
15
What drugs prevent angiotensin II action?
ARBs- angiotension receptor blockers
cough is not a side effect
16
What are the ACEIs?
-end in 'prils'
17
Side effects of ACEIs?
-cough
-hyperkalemia
-angioedema
-renal damage
CRAH
18
Are ACEIs safe in pregnancy?
No, teratogenic
19
What are the ARBs?
end in 'sartan'
20
Side effects of ARBs?
-renal damage in preexisting disease
-hyperkalemia
21
Are ARBs safe in pregnancy?
No
22
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in pregnancy?
a-methyldopa
Hydralazine
can use Nefidipine, Labetolol, Metoprolol
23
What drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy?
ACEIs, ARBs
24
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in diabetes?
ACEIs, ARBs
25
What drugs are contraindicated in HTN with diabetes?
BB (high dose)
26
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in HF?
ACEIs
27
What drugs are contraindicated in HF?
BB (high dose), verapamil, diltiazem
28
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in COPD/asthma?
CCBs
29
What drugs are contraindicated in COPD/asthma?
BBs (non selective high dose), ACEIs
30
What are the recommended drugs for HTN in CKD?
ACEIs, ARBs
31